Early Rehabilitation Exercise after Stroke Improves Neurological Recovery through Enhancing Angiogenesis in Patients and Cerebral Ischemia Rat Model
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Results
2.1. The Effects of Different Rehabilitation Training Timings on the Neurological Function and Motor Ability of the Patients before and after Rehabilitation
2.2. Effects of Different Rehabilitation Training Timings on ADL Ability and Quality of Life of the Patients before and after Rehabilitation
2.3. The Effect of Treadmill Exercise on Cerebral Infarction Volume and Neurological Function
2.4. The Effect of Treadmill Exercise on Neuronal Apoptosis after MCAO and Treadmill Exercise
2.5. The Effect of Treadmill Exercise on Angiogenesis in the Ischemic Penumbra
3. Discussion
4. Materials and Methods
4.1. Patients
4.2. Patient Rehabilitation
4.3. Patient Limb Function Testing
4.4. Animals
4.5. Middle Cerebral Artery Occlusion (MCAO)
4.6. Treadmill Exercise
4.7. Infarct Volume Analyses
4.8. Modified Neurological Severity Scores (mNSS)
4.9. Western Blot
4.10. Immunofluorescence
4.11. Statistical Analyses
Supplementary Materials
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Group | Before Rehabilitation | 1 Month after Rehabilitation | 3 Months after Rehabilitation | F | p |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
24 h rehabilitation | 6.47 ± 1.589 | 3.21 ± 1.069 | 0.76 ± 0.852 | 564.881 | <0.001 |
72 h rehabilitation | 6.76 ± 1.739 | 5.05 ± 1.246 | 2.51 ± 0.989 | 380.673 | <0.001 |
t | −0.736 | −6.882 | −8.216 | ||
p | 0.464 | <0.001 | <0.001 |
Group | Before Rehabilitation | 1 Month after Rehabilitation | 3 Months after Rehabilitation | F | p |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
24 h rehabilitation | 15.68 ± 5.951 | 62.32 ± 9.286 | 91.18 ± 7.377 | 776.513 | <0.001 |
72 h rehabilitation | 16.27 ± 6.475 | 41.43 ± 7.065 | 73.22 ± 7.811 | 592.256 | <0.001 |
t | −0.408 | 10.939 | 10.244 | ||
p | 0.684 | <0.001 | <0.001 |
Group | Before Rehabilitation | 1 Month after Rehabilitation | 3 Months after Rehabilitation | F | p |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
24 h rehabilitation | 23.37 ± 5.196 | 66.95 ± 4.707 | 96.55 ± 2.873 | 543.936 | <0.001 |
72 h rehabilitation | 22.84 ± 5.036 | 52.95 ± 6.725 | 84.46 ± 6.971 | 316.315 | <0.001 |
t | 0.449 | 10.469 | 9.870 | ||
p | 0.655 | <0.001 | <0.001 |
Group | Before Rehabilitation | 1 Month after Rehabilitation | 3 Months after Rehabilitation | F | p |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
24 h rehabilitation | 114.39 ± 7.772 | 168.61 ± 6.323 | 215.95 ± 10.977 | 414.795 | <0.001 |
72 h rehabilitation | 113.70 ± 8.323 | 149.92 ± 6.264 | 195.78 ± 8.145 | 271.184 | <0.001 |
t | 0.372 | 12.855 | 9.015 | ||
p | 0.711 | <0.001 | <0.001 |
Days | MCAO Group | Treadmill Exercise Group in 24 h | t | p |
---|---|---|---|---|
1 d | 10.22 ± 1.263 | 10.17 ± 1.505 | 0.120 | 0.905 |
3 d | 8.28 ± 1.018 | 7.22 ± 1.478 | 2.496 | 0.018 |
5 d | 6.00 ± 0.767 | 4.44 ± 0.784 | 6.018 | <0.01 |
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Geng, H.; Li, M.; Tang, J.; Lv, Q.; Li, R.; Wang, L. Early Rehabilitation Exercise after Stroke Improves Neurological Recovery through Enhancing Angiogenesis in Patients and Cerebral Ischemia Rat Model. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2022, 23, 10508. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms231810508
Geng H, Li M, Tang J, Lv Q, Li R, Wang L. Early Rehabilitation Exercise after Stroke Improves Neurological Recovery through Enhancing Angiogenesis in Patients and Cerebral Ischemia Rat Model. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2022; 23(18):10508. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms231810508
Chicago/Turabian StyleGeng, Huixia, Min Li, Jing Tang, Qing Lv, Ruiling Li, and Lai Wang. 2022. "Early Rehabilitation Exercise after Stroke Improves Neurological Recovery through Enhancing Angiogenesis in Patients and Cerebral Ischemia Rat Model" International Journal of Molecular Sciences 23, no. 18: 10508. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms231810508