Anti-Inflammatory and Neuroprotective Effects of Morin in an MPTP-Induced Parkinson’s Disease Model
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Results
2.1. Body Weights and Metabolic Parameters of Morin-Fed Mice
2.2. Morin Effectively Restored Motor Dysfunction in the MPTP-Induced PD Model
2.3. Morin Diet Alleviated MPTP-Induced Dopaminergic Neuronal Losses in STR and SN
2.4. Mice Fed with the Morin Diet Mitigated Glial Activation in the PD Model
2.5. Morin Inhibited MPP+-Induced Astrocyte Activation
2.6. Morin Effectively Reduced Microglial Activation
2.7. Docking Simulation Analysis and the Binding Affinity of Morin for ERK
3. Discussion
4. Methods
4.1. Morin Mouse Feed
4.2. Animals and Diet Administration
4.3. Motor Performance Testing
4.4. Biochemical Analysis of Serum
4.5. Tissue Preparation
4.6. Diaminobenzidine Immunohistochemistry
4.7. Double Fluorescence Immunohistochemistry
4.8. Primary Glial Cell Culture
4.9. Immunocytochemistry
4.10. Western Blot Analysis
4.11. RNA Isolation and Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction (Real-Time PCR)
4.12. Molecular Docking Analysis
4.13. Statistical Analysis
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Control | MPTP | |||
---|---|---|---|---|
Normal Diet | Morin Diet | Normal Diet | Morin Diet | |
Body weight (g) | 24.52 ± 0.3 | 24.24 ± 0.4 | 24.85 ± 0.4 | 23.82 ± 0.3 |
Triglyceride (mg/dl) | 85.4 ± 16.2 | 76.2 ± 5.9 | 51 ± 8.8 | 30.6 ± 6.5 * |
NEFA (mg/dl) | 814 ± 127.1 | 776 ± 127.4 | 444 ± 46 | 440 ± 111.7 |
Glucose (mg/dl) | 284.5 ± 11.4 | 283.2 ± 23.2 | 257.8 ± 13.2 | 211.2 ± 6.1**# |
Total Cholesterol (mg/dl) | 75.4 ± 10.5 | 96.6 ± 3.6 | 96.3 ± 3.3 | 93.1 ± 2.8 |
Compounds | Binding Affinity (kcal/mol) | Binding Residues |
---|---|---|
Morin | -8.0 | MET108, ALA52, LEU156, ILE31, VAL39, LYS54, ALA35, SER153 |
ATP | -6.5 | GLU33, CYS166, GLY34, LYS54 |
LY3214996 | -8.2 | CYS166, ALA35, LYS151, THR190, SER153, TYR113 |
Nutritional Composition | ||
---|---|---|
Nitrogen Free extract of starch and sugars | 52.0% | |
Crude protein | 21.4% | |
Crude at | 5.1% | |
Crude ash | 5.4% | |
Crude fiber | 4.0% | |
Moisture | 12.1% | |
KJ/g | Kcal/kg | |
Metabolizable energy | 14.2 | 3395 |
Energy from proteins | 3.6 | 856 |
Energy from lipids | 1.9 | 459 |
Energy from starch and sugars | 8.7 | 2080 |
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Hong, D.G.; Lee, S.; Kim, J.; Yang, S.; Lee, M.; Ahn, J.; Lee, H.; Chang, S.-C.; Ha, N.-C.; Lee, J. Anti-Inflammatory and Neuroprotective Effects of Morin in an MPTP-Induced Parkinson’s Disease Model. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2022, 23, 10578. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms231810578
Hong DG, Lee S, Kim J, Yang S, Lee M, Ahn J, Lee H, Chang S-C, Ha N-C, Lee J. Anti-Inflammatory and Neuroprotective Effects of Morin in an MPTP-Induced Parkinson’s Disease Model. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2022; 23(18):10578. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms231810578
Chicago/Turabian StyleHong, Dong Geun, Seulah Lee, Jaehoon Kim, Seonguk Yang, Myunggyo Lee, Jinsook Ahn, Haeseung Lee, Seung-Cheol Chang, Nam-Chul Ha, and Jaewon Lee. 2022. "Anti-Inflammatory and Neuroprotective Effects of Morin in an MPTP-Induced Parkinson’s Disease Model" International Journal of Molecular Sciences 23, no. 18: 10578. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms231810578