Integrative Analysis of the Nasal Microbiota and Serum Metabolites in Bovines with Respiratory Disease by 16S rRNA Sequencing and Gas Chromatography/Mass Selective Detector-Based Metabolomics
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Results
2.1. Alpha-Diversity Analysis Comparing Healthy Bovines and Those with Respiratory Disease
2.2. Characterization of the Nasal Microbial Communities in Healthy and Diseased Cattle
2.3. The Diversity and Composition of Nasal Microbiota Are Significantly Altered in Cattle with BRD
2.4. Evaluation of Serum Metabolites Reveals Alterations in the Metabolome of BRD Cattle
2.5. Correlations between Nasal Microbes and Serum Metabolites
3. Discussion
4. Materials and Methods
4.1. Specimens
4.2. 16S rRNA Sequencing
4.3. DNA Extraction and Metagenome Sequencing
4.4. Microbial Composition and Diversity Analysis
4.5. Metabolomics Processing
4.6. Statistical Analysis of Metabolomics
4.7. Correlation Profiling between the Metabolites and Nasal Microbiotas
5. Conclusions
Supplementary Materials
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Align ID | Name | Synon |
---|---|---|
8 | Lactic acid (2TMS) | (S)-Lactic acid |
83 | Phosphoric acid (3TMS) | [PO(OH)3] |
11 | Sarcosine (2TMS) | (methylamino)acetic acid |
10 | Valine (1TMS) | (2S)-2-amino-3-methylbutanoic acid |
63 | Norvaline, DL-(2TMS) | (2S)-2-aminopentanoic acid |
130 | Pyroglutamic acid (2TMS) | (S)-(-)-2-Pyrrolidone-5-carboxylic acid |
68 | Urea (2TMS) | Carbamide |
27 | Leucine (1TMS) | 2-amino-4-methylpentanoic acid |
95 | Norleucine (2TMS) | (2S)-2-aminohexanoic acid |
131 | Glutamic acid (2TMS) | (2S)-2-aminopentanedioic acid |
51 | Leucine, cyclo-(1TMS) | 1-Amino-1-cyclopentanecarboxylic acid |
52 | Isoleucine (1TMS) | Hile |
170 | Lactic acid, 3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-(3TMS) | 2-hydroxy-3-(4-hydroxyphenyl) propanoic acid |
182 | Hexadecanoic acid (1TMS) | — |
122 | Glutamic acid, N-methyl-(2TMS) | (2S)-2-(methylamino) pentanedioic acid |
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Zhang, Y.; Ma, C.; Han, Y.; Jin, H.; Luo, H.; Hao, X.; Li, M. Integrative Analysis of the Nasal Microbiota and Serum Metabolites in Bovines with Respiratory Disease by 16S rRNA Sequencing and Gas Chromatography/Mass Selective Detector-Based Metabolomics. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2022, 23, 12028. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms231912028
Zhang Y, Ma C, Han Y, Jin H, Luo H, Hao X, Li M. Integrative Analysis of the Nasal Microbiota and Serum Metabolites in Bovines with Respiratory Disease by 16S rRNA Sequencing and Gas Chromatography/Mass Selective Detector-Based Metabolomics. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2022; 23(19):12028. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms231912028
Chicago/Turabian StyleZhang, Ying, Chunji Ma, Yang Han, Hua Jin, Haixia Luo, Xiujing Hao, and Min Li. 2022. "Integrative Analysis of the Nasal Microbiota and Serum Metabolites in Bovines with Respiratory Disease by 16S rRNA Sequencing and Gas Chromatography/Mass Selective Detector-Based Metabolomics" International Journal of Molecular Sciences 23, no. 19: 12028. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms231912028