Iron- and Neuromelanin-Weighted Neuroimaging to Study Mitochondrial Dysfunction in Patients with Parkinson’s Disease
Abstract
:1. Introduction
The Scope of This Review
2. Main Body
2.1. Iron Dyshomeostasis as a Disease Mechanism in PD
2.2. The Complex Role of NM in PD Pathophysiology
2.3. Mitochondrial Dysfunction at the Intersection of Iron- and NM-Related Pathways
2.4. Pathophysiology-Orientated Neuroimaging
2.4.1. Mapping Iron Dyshomeostasis
2.4.2. Iron-Weighted Neuroimaging in PwPD
2.4.3. Mapping NM Dyshomeostasis
2.4.4. NM-Weighted Neuroimaging in PwPD
2.4.5. Multimodal Iron- and NM-Weighted Neuroimaging and Their Implications for Pathophysiology-Orientated Studies
2.4.6. Mapping Mitochondrial Dysfunction
3. Conclusions
Supplementary Materials
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
Abbreviations
References
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Pizarro-Galleguillos, B.M.; Kunert, L.; Brüggemann, N.; Prasuhn, J. Iron- and Neuromelanin-Weighted Neuroimaging to Study Mitochondrial Dysfunction in Patients with Parkinson’s Disease. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2022, 23, 13678. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms232213678
Pizarro-Galleguillos BM, Kunert L, Brüggemann N, Prasuhn J. Iron- and Neuromelanin-Weighted Neuroimaging to Study Mitochondrial Dysfunction in Patients with Parkinson’s Disease. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2022; 23(22):13678. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms232213678
Chicago/Turabian StylePizarro-Galleguillos, Benjamin Matis, Liesa Kunert, Norbert Brüggemann, and Jannik Prasuhn. 2022. "Iron- and Neuromelanin-Weighted Neuroimaging to Study Mitochondrial Dysfunction in Patients with Parkinson’s Disease" International Journal of Molecular Sciences 23, no. 22: 13678. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms232213678