Polyphenon E Effects on Gene Expression in PC-3 Prostate Cancer Cells

Carastro, L. Michael; Vallebuona, Ethan J.; Cordova, Ricardo; Gannon, Ashley N.; Kim, Seung Joon; Costello, Corrine M.; Declet-Bauzo, Ricardo A.; Kumar, Nagi; Park, Jong Y.

doi:10.3390/ijms232214328

Open AccessArticle

Polyphenon E Effects on Gene Expression in PC-3 Prostate Cancer Cells

by

L. Michael Carastro

¹

,

Ethan J. Vallebuona

¹

,

Ricardo Cordova

^1,†,

Ashley N. Gannon

¹,

Seung Joon Kim

²,

Corrine M. Costello

¹,

Ricardo A. Declet-Bauzo

^1,‡,

Nagi Kumar

³ and

Jong Y. Park

^3,*

¹

Department of Chemistry, Biochemistry & Physics, College of Natural & Health Sciences, The University of Tampa, Tampa, FL 33606, USA

²

Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 06591, Republic of Korea

³

Department of Cancer Epidemiology, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL 33612, USA

^*

Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.

^†

Current address: Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, Indiana University, Indianapolis, IA 46202, USA.

^‡

Current address: Department of Radiology, School of Medicine, Louisiana State University, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA.

Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2022, 23(22), 14328; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms232214328

Submission received: 28 October 2022 / Revised: 14 November 2022 / Accepted: 15 November 2022 / Published: 18 November 2022

(This article belongs to the Collection Feature Papers in Molecular Genetics and Genomics)

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Abstract

Polyphenon E (Poly E) is a standardized, caffeine-free green tea extract with defined polyphenol content. Poly E is reported to confer chemoprotective activity against prostate cancer (PCa) progression in the TRAMP model of human PCa, and has shown limited activity against human PCa in human trials. The molecular mechanisms of the observed Poly E chemopreventive activity against PCa are not fully understood. We hypothesized that Poly E treatment of PCa cells induces gene expression changes, which could underpin the molecular mechanisms of the limited Poly E chemoprevention activity against PCa. PC-3 cells were cultured in complete growth media supplemented with varied Poly E concentrations for 24 h, then RNA was isolated for comparative DNA microarray (0 vs. 200 mg/L Poly E) and subsequent TaqMan qRT-PCR analyses. Microarray data for 54,613 genes were filtered for >2-fold expression level changes, with 8319 genes increased and 6176 genes decreased. Eight genes involved in key signaling or regulatory pathways were selected for qRT-PCR. Two genes increased expression significantly, MXD1 (13.98-fold; p = 0.0003) and RGS4 (21.98-fold; p = 0.0011), by qRT-PCR. MXD1 and RGS4 significantly increased gene expression in Poly E-treated PC-3 cells, and the MXD1 gene expression increases were Poly E dose-dependent.

Keywords: prostate cancer; polyphenon E; DNA microarray; gene expression; MXD1; RGS4

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MDPI and ACS Style

Carastro, L.M.; Vallebuona, E.J.; Cordova, R.; Gannon, A.N.; Kim, S.J.; Costello, C.M.; Declet-Bauzo, R.A.; Kumar, N.; Park, J.Y. Polyphenon E Effects on Gene Expression in PC-3 Prostate Cancer Cells. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2022, 23, 14328. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms232214328

AMA Style

Carastro LM, Vallebuona EJ, Cordova R, Gannon AN, Kim SJ, Costello CM, Declet-Bauzo RA, Kumar N, Park JY. Polyphenon E Effects on Gene Expression in PC-3 Prostate Cancer Cells. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2022; 23(22):14328. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms232214328

Chicago/Turabian Style

Carastro, L. Michael, Ethan J. Vallebuona, Ricardo Cordova, Ashley N. Gannon, Seung Joon Kim, Corrine M. Costello, Ricardo A. Declet-Bauzo, Nagi Kumar, and Jong Y. Park. 2022. "Polyphenon E Effects on Gene Expression in PC-3 Prostate Cancer Cells" International Journal of Molecular Sciences 23, no. 22: 14328. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms232214328

APA Style

Carastro, L. M., Vallebuona, E. J., Cordova, R., Gannon, A. N., Kim, S. J., Costello, C. M., Declet-Bauzo, R. A., Kumar, N., & Park, J. Y. (2022). Polyphenon E Effects on Gene Expression in PC-3 Prostate Cancer Cells. International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 23(22), 14328. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms232214328

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Polyphenon E Effects on Gene Expression in PC-3 Prostate Cancer Cells

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