DAMPs Released from Proinflammatory Macrophages Induce Inflammation in Cardiomyocytes via Activation of TLR4 and TNFR
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Results
2.1. LPS-Stimulated Macrophages Induce a Strong Cytokine Response in Cardiomyocytes
2.2. TLR3 Inhibition Reduces Cardiac Caspase-3/7 Activation without Attenuating Cardiac Inflammation and Cardiac Apoptosis Induced by LPS-Stimulated Macrophages
2.3. TLR4 Inhibition Reduces Cardiac Inflammation Induced by LPS-Stimulated Macrophages
2.4. TNFR Inhibition Attenuates Cardiac Inflammation and NFκB Translocation Induced by LPS-Stimulated Macrophages
3. Discussion
4. Materials and Methods
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Neu, C.; Thiele, Y.; Horr, F.; Beckers, C.; Frank, N.; Marx, G.; Martin, L.; Kraemer, S.; Zechendorf, E. DAMPs Released from Proinflammatory Macrophages Induce Inflammation in Cardiomyocytes via Activation of TLR4 and TNFR. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2022, 23, 15522. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms232415522
Neu C, Thiele Y, Horr F, Beckers C, Frank N, Marx G, Martin L, Kraemer S, Zechendorf E. DAMPs Released from Proinflammatory Macrophages Induce Inflammation in Cardiomyocytes via Activation of TLR4 and TNFR. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2022; 23(24):15522. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms232415522
Chicago/Turabian StyleNeu, Carolina, Yvonne Thiele, Fabienne Horr, Christian Beckers, Nadine Frank, Gernot Marx, Lukas Martin, Sandra Kraemer, and Elisabeth Zechendorf. 2022. "DAMPs Released from Proinflammatory Macrophages Induce Inflammation in Cardiomyocytes via Activation of TLR4 and TNFR" International Journal of Molecular Sciences 23, no. 24: 15522. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms232415522