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Review

Smart Nucleic Acid Hydrogels with High Stimuli-Responsiveness in Biomedical Fields

by
Jie Li
1,2,
Yangzi Zhang
2,
Longjiao Zhu
2,
Keren Chen
2,
Xiangyang Li
1,* and
Wentao Xu
2,*
1
Food Science and Engineering College, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing 102206, China
2
Key Laboratory of Precision Nutrition and Food Quality, Beijing Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety, Department of Nutrition and Health, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100191, China
*
Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2022, 23(3), 1068; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms23031068
Submission received: 29 November 2021 / Revised: 10 January 2022 / Accepted: 15 January 2022 / Published: 19 January 2022
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Smart Hydrogels and Hydrogels Composites: Current Challenges and Opportunities)
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Abstract

Due to their hydrophilic, biocompatible and adjustability properties, hydrogels have received a lot of attention. The introduction of nucleic acids has made hydrogels highly stimuli-responsiveness and they have become a new generation of intelligent biomaterials. In this review, the development and utilization of smart nucleic acid hydrogels (NAHs) with a high stimulation responsiveness were elaborated systematically. We discussed NAHs with a high stimuli-responsiveness, including pure NAHs and hybrid NAHs. In particular, four stimulation factors of NAHs were described in details, including pH, ions, small molecular substances, and temperature. The research progress of nucleic acid hydrogels in biomedical applications in recent years is comprehensively discussed. Finally, the opportunities and challenges facing the future development of nucleic acid hydrogels are also discussed.
Keywords: nucleic acids; smart hydrogels; stimuli-responsive factors; biomedicine nucleic acids; smart hydrogels; stimuli-responsive factors; biomedicine

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MDPI and ACS Style

Li, J.; Zhang, Y.; Zhu, L.; Chen, K.; Li, X.; Xu, W. Smart Nucleic Acid Hydrogels with High Stimuli-Responsiveness in Biomedical Fields. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2022, 23, 1068. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms23031068

AMA Style

Li J, Zhang Y, Zhu L, Chen K, Li X, Xu W. Smart Nucleic Acid Hydrogels with High Stimuli-Responsiveness in Biomedical Fields. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2022; 23(3):1068. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms23031068

Chicago/Turabian Style

Li, Jie, Yangzi Zhang, Longjiao Zhu, Keren Chen, Xiangyang Li, and Wentao Xu. 2022. "Smart Nucleic Acid Hydrogels with High Stimuli-Responsiveness in Biomedical Fields" International Journal of Molecular Sciences 23, no. 3: 1068. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms23031068

APA Style

Li, J., Zhang, Y., Zhu, L., Chen, K., Li, X., & Xu, W. (2022). Smart Nucleic Acid Hydrogels with High Stimuli-Responsiveness in Biomedical Fields. International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 23(3), 1068. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms23031068

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