Clinical Application of Adipose Derived Stem Cells for the Treatment of Aseptic Non-Unions: Current Stage and Future Perspectives—Systematic Review
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Study Design and Search Strategy
2.2. Inclusion and Exclusion Criteria
2.3. Data Extraction and Analysis
3. Results
4. Discussion
4.1. Orthopaedic Overview on the Issue
4.2. Current Stage of ADSCs Human Application in Non-Unions
4.3. The Role of Bone Grafts
4.4. What’s New from Basic Science? Future Perspectives
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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N° of Patients | Age | Sex | Type of Lesion | Surgical Treatment | ADSCs Application | Outcomes ** | Follow-Up | Complications | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Khalpey Z. Et al. 2015 | 1 | 65 | M | Sternal non-union with bone loss | Open reduction, augmentation and plate fixation | Injection of autologous SVF cells | Good | 6 months | - |
Veriter S. Et al. * 2015 | 11 | 18 | 8M, 3F | 6 bone tumors, 4 congenital and 1 iatrogenic non-union | Wide oncological resection with growing prosthesis implantation or bone grafting | Scaffold-free osteogenic 3D adipose-derived graft | Good | 28.7 months | Delayed wound healing Intercalary allograft infection Subcutaneous collection Cellulite |
Dufrane D. Et al. * 2015 | 6 | 9.7 | 5M, 1F | 3 bone tumors, 3 congenital pseudoarthrosis | Wide oncological resection with growing prosthesis implantation or bone grafting | Scaffold-free osteogenic 3D adipose-derived graft | Good | 39 months | Intercalary allograft infection Screw and plate infection |
Osteo-Conduction | Osteo-Induction | Osteo-Genesis | Osteo-Integration | Structural Support | Disadvantages | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Autologous Bone Graft | Cancellous bone | +++ | +++ | +++ | +++ | − | Limited availability, donor site morbidity, blood loss |
Cortical Bone | + | + | + | + | ++++ | Limited availability, donor site morbidity, blood loss | |
Allogeneic Bone Graft | Cancellous bone | + | + | − | ++ | − | Risk of disease transmission and rejection |
Cortical Bone | + | − | − | + | +++ | Risk of disease transmission and rejection | |
Demineralized Bone Matrix | + | ++ | − | ++ | − | Variable osteo-conduction | |
Synthetic Bone Substitutes | Calcium solfate | + | − | − | ++ | + | Rapid resorption, osteo-conduction only |
Hydroxyapatite | + | − | − | − | ++ | Slow resorption, osteo-conduction only | |
Calcium Phosphate Ceramic | + | − | − | + | ++ | Osteo-conduction only | |
Calcium Phosphate Cement | + | − | − | + | + | Osteo-conduction only | |
Bioactive Glass | + | − | − | − | Bioactive osteo-conduction only | ||
Poly (methyl-methacrylate) | − | − | − | − | +++ | Inert, exothermic, monomer-mediate toxic |
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Smakaj, A.; De Mauro, D.; Rovere, G.; Pietramala, S.; Maccauro, G.; Parolini, O.; Lattanzi, W.; Liuzza, F. Clinical Application of Adipose Derived Stem Cells for the Treatment of Aseptic Non-Unions: Current Stage and Future Perspectives—Systematic Review. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2022, 23, 3057. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms23063057
Smakaj A, De Mauro D, Rovere G, Pietramala S, Maccauro G, Parolini O, Lattanzi W, Liuzza F. Clinical Application of Adipose Derived Stem Cells for the Treatment of Aseptic Non-Unions: Current Stage and Future Perspectives—Systematic Review. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2022; 23(6):3057. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms23063057
Chicago/Turabian StyleSmakaj, Amarildo, Domenico De Mauro, Giuseppe Rovere, Silvia Pietramala, Giulio Maccauro, Ornella Parolini, Wanda Lattanzi, and Francesco Liuzza. 2022. "Clinical Application of Adipose Derived Stem Cells for the Treatment of Aseptic Non-Unions: Current Stage and Future Perspectives—Systematic Review" International Journal of Molecular Sciences 23, no. 6: 3057. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms23063057