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Article

Two Male-Specific Antimicrobial Peptides SCY2 and Scyreprocin as Crucial Molecules Participated in the Sperm Acrosome Reaction of Mud Crab Scylla paramamosain

by
Ying Yang
1,
Fangyi Chen
1,2,
Kun Qiao
1,
Hua Zhang
1,
Hui-Yun Chen
1,2 and
Ke-Jian Wang
1,2,*
1
State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, College of Ocean and Earth Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
2
State-Province Joint Engineering Laboratory of Marine Bioproducts and Technology, College of Ocean and Earth Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2022, 23(6), 3373; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms23063373
Submission received: 27 February 2022 / Revised: 16 March 2022 / Accepted: 17 March 2022 / Published: 21 March 2022
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Frontiers in Antimicrobial Biomaterials)
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Abstract

Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) identified in the reproductive system of animals have been widely studied for their antimicrobial activity, but only a few studies have focused on their physiological roles. Our previous studies have revealed the in vitro antimicrobial activity of two male gonadal AMPs, SCY2 and scyreprocin, from mud crab Scylla paramamosain. Their physiological functions, however, remain a mystery. In this study, the two AMPs were found co-localized on the sperm apical cap. Meanwhile, progesterone was confirmed to induce acrosome reaction (AR) of mud crab sperm in vitro, which intrigued us to explore the roles of the AMPs and progesterone in AR. Results showed that the specific antibody blockade of scyreprocin inhibited the progesterone-induced AR without affecting intracellular Ca2+ homeostasis, while the blockade of SCY2 hindered the influx of Ca2+. We further showed that SCY2 could directly bind to Ca2+. Moreover, progesterone failed to induce AR when either scyreprocin or SCY2 function was deprived. Taken together, scyreprocin and SCY2 played a dual role in reproductive immunity and sperm AR. To our knowledge, this is the first report on the direct involvement of AMPs in sperm AR, which would expand the current understanding of the roles of AMPs in reproduction.
Keywords: invertebrate; antimicrobial peptide (AMP); fertilization; sperm; acrosome reaction; progesterone; SCY2; scyreprocin invertebrate; antimicrobial peptide (AMP); fertilization; sperm; acrosome reaction; progesterone; SCY2; scyreprocin

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MDPI and ACS Style

Yang, Y.; Chen, F.; Qiao, K.; Zhang, H.; Chen, H.-Y.; Wang, K.-J. Two Male-Specific Antimicrobial Peptides SCY2 and Scyreprocin as Crucial Molecules Participated in the Sperm Acrosome Reaction of Mud Crab Scylla paramamosain. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2022, 23, 3373. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms23063373

AMA Style

Yang Y, Chen F, Qiao K, Zhang H, Chen H-Y, Wang K-J. Two Male-Specific Antimicrobial Peptides SCY2 and Scyreprocin as Crucial Molecules Participated in the Sperm Acrosome Reaction of Mud Crab Scylla paramamosain. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2022; 23(6):3373. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms23063373

Chicago/Turabian Style

Yang, Ying, Fangyi Chen, Kun Qiao, Hua Zhang, Hui-Yun Chen, and Ke-Jian Wang. 2022. "Two Male-Specific Antimicrobial Peptides SCY2 and Scyreprocin as Crucial Molecules Participated in the Sperm Acrosome Reaction of Mud Crab Scylla paramamosain" International Journal of Molecular Sciences 23, no. 6: 3373. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms23063373

APA Style

Yang, Y., Chen, F., Qiao, K., Zhang, H., Chen, H.-Y., & Wang, K.-J. (2022). Two Male-Specific Antimicrobial Peptides SCY2 and Scyreprocin as Crucial Molecules Participated in the Sperm Acrosome Reaction of Mud Crab Scylla paramamosain. International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 23(6), 3373. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms23063373

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