Candida albicans Potassium Transporters
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Potassium Transporters in the Plasma Membrane
2.1. Trk1
2.2. Acu1
2.3. Hak1
2.4. Tok1
2.5. Cnh1
2.6. Ena21-22
2.7. Kch1
3. Intracellular Potassium Transporters
3.1. Nhx1 (Na+/H+ Exchanger)
3.2. Vhc1 (Vacuolar Protein Homologous to CCC Family)
3.3. Vnx1 (Vacuolar Na+/H+ Exchanger)
3.4. Vcx1 (Vacuolar Ca2+/H+ Exchanger)
3.5. KHE (K+/H+ Exchanger)
4. Potassium Homeostasis and Pathogenicity
4.1. Pma1
4.2. Trk1
4.3. Tok1
4.4. ENA
5. Conclusions and Perspectives
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Name | Orf | Possible Function | Proposed Mechanism | Chromosome | Homology | Specific Experimental Data | Relevant References |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Trk1 | 19.600 | K+ influx | K+ Uniporter | R | ScTrk1 (32.7%) SpTrk1 (28.7%) | Yes | [38,39] |
Acu1 | 19.2553 and 19.2552 | K+ (Na+) influx | K+ (Na+) ATPase | R | - * | Yes | [38,39,40] |
Hak1 | 19.6249 | K+ influx | K+: H+ Symporter | 1 | SchHak1 (56.35%) Dhak1 (52.14 %) HpHak1 (37.91%) | Yes | [38,39,41,42] |
Tok1 | 19.4175 | K+ efflux | K+ efflux channel | 4 | ScTok1 (32.1%) HsKcnk9 (11.3%) | Yes | [43] |
Cnh1 | 19.367 | K+ (Na+) efflux. Maintenance of intracellular pH | K+(Na+)/H+ antiporter | 4 | ScNha1 (41.2%) SpSod22 (37.1%) | Yes | [44,45] |
Ena21 | 19.6070 | K+ (Na+) efflux | P-type ATPase | 1 | ScEna2 (50.8%) SpCta3 (44.4%) | No | [46] |
Ena22 | 19.5170 | K+ (Na+) efflux | P-type ATPase | 7 | ScEna2 (52.9%) SpCta3 (45.9%) | No | [46] |
Kch1 | 19.6563 | Unknown | Unknown | 7 | ScKch1 (17.0%) | Yes | [47,48] |
Nhx1 | 19.4201 | Intracellular K+ (Na+) sequestration | K+ (Na+)/H+ exchanger | 6 | ScNhx1 (58.5%) SpCpa1 (46.0%) HsSlc9a9 (25.6%) | No | [49] |
Vhc1 | 19.6832 | Vacuolar cation content and morphology | K+-Cl− cotransporter | 3 | ScVhc1 (12.9%) SpVhc1 (9.1%) HsSlc12a9 (3.8%) | No | [50,51] |
Vnx1 | 19.7670 | Vacuolar K+ (Na+) content and regulation of cytosolic pH | K+ (Na+)/H+ exchanger | R | ScVnx1 (40.8%) SpSst1 (33.8%) | No | [52,53] |
Vcx1 | 19.405 | Regulation of vacuolar Ca2+ and K+ content | Ca2+ (K+)/H+ exchanger | 1 | ScVcx1 (59.3%) SpVcx1 (47.2%) | No | [54] |
Mrs7 (KHE) | 19.3321 | Involved in mitochondrial K+ homeostasis | Unknown | 1 | ScMrs7 (40.7%) SpMdm28 (37.5%) HsLetm1 (20.8%) | No | [52,55] |
C3_01680C (KHE) | 19.1676 | Involved in mitochondrial K+ homeostasis | Unknown | 3 | ScYdl183c (26.0%) SpSPAC23H3.12c (17.8%) | No | [52,56] |
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Ruiz-Castilla, F.J.; Ruiz Pérez, F.S.; Ramos-Moreno, L.; Ramos, J. Candida albicans Potassium Transporters. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2022, 23, 4884. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms23094884
Ruiz-Castilla FJ, Ruiz Pérez FS, Ramos-Moreno L, Ramos J. Candida albicans Potassium Transporters. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2022; 23(9):4884. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms23094884
Chicago/Turabian StyleRuiz-Castilla, Francisco J., Francisco S. Ruiz Pérez, Laura Ramos-Moreno, and José Ramos. 2022. "Candida albicans Potassium Transporters" International Journal of Molecular Sciences 23, no. 9: 4884. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms23094884