Multi-Target Neural Differentiation (MTND) Therapeutic Cocktail to Suppress Brain Tumor
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Results and Discussion
2.1. Design of MTND
2.2. Selection and Mechanism of MTND
2.3. MTND Showing Enhanced Therapeutic Efficacy in In Vitro and In Vivo Experiments
2.4. MTND Induces Multi-Target Therapeutic Genotype Alterations to Achieve Cell Cycle Exit/Arrest
2.5. MTND Facilitates Neural Regeneration
2.6. MTND Induces Low Resistance Development and Lower Toxicity Stress
3. Materials and Methods
3.1. Cell Culture
3.2. MTND Treatment
3.3. Immunofluorescence Staining
3.4. EdU Cell Proliferation Assays
3.5. Cell Migration Assays
3.6. In-Vivo Experiments
3.7. RNA Sequencing and Data Analysis
3.8. Cell Apoptosis Assays
3.9. Information of Clinical Cell Lines
- T-26;
- WHO grade: III;
- Histology: Anaplastic astrocytoma;
- Molecular background: IDH1(-); MGMT gene promoter methylation(+); PTEN, TSC2 deletion; CDK4, CDK6, EGFR, MET, SMO, MDM4, TERT amplification; FGFR3–TACC3, PIK3CAp.K111E, PTENp.I101T, BCORp.A606fs cancer driver genes mutation;
- Prior treatment with radiation: There was no radiotherapy before the tumor was surgically removed.
- T-36;
- WHO grade: IV;
- Histology: Glioblastoma;
- Molecular background: IDH1(-); TERT promoter region mutation; MGMT gene promoter methylation(+); BRCA2, CDKN2A, CDKN2B, PTEN deletion; CDK6, SMO amplification, PIK3CAp.H1047Y, STAG2p.E470 cancer driver gene mutation;
- Prior treatment with radiation: There was no radiotherapy before the tumor was surgically removed.
- T-51;
- WHO grade: I;
- Histology: Meningiomas;
- Molecular background: NF2p.A451fs cancer driver gene mutation;
- Prior treatment with radiation: There was no radiotherapy before the tumor was surgically removed.
- T-59;
- WHO grade: IV;
- Histology: Glioblastoma;
- Molecular background: IDH1(-); TERT promoter region mutation; MGMT gene promoter methylation(+); SMO amplification; TP53p.R280K, BRCA2p.N289H, CARD11p.K83M, NOTCH2p.H107P cancer driver genes mutation;
- Prior treatment with radiation: There was no radiotherapy before the tumor was surgically removed.
4. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Hu, X.; Xie, J.; Yang, Y.; Qiu, Z.; Lu, W.; Lin, X.; Xu, B. Multi-Target Neural Differentiation (MTND) Therapeutic Cocktail to Suppress Brain Tumor. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2023, 24, 12329. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms241512329
Hu X, Xie J, Yang Y, Qiu Z, Lu W, Lin X, Xu B. Multi-Target Neural Differentiation (MTND) Therapeutic Cocktail to Suppress Brain Tumor. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2023; 24(15):12329. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms241512329
Chicago/Turabian StyleHu, Xiaoping, Jingdun Xie, Yilin Yang, Ziyi Qiu, Weicheng Lu, Xudong Lin, and Bingzhe Xu. 2023. "Multi-Target Neural Differentiation (MTND) Therapeutic Cocktail to Suppress Brain Tumor" International Journal of Molecular Sciences 24, no. 15: 12329. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms241512329