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Article

Bipolar Membrane Electrodialysis for Direct Conversion of L-Ornithine Monohydrochloride to L-Ornithine

by
Jinfeng He
1,2,†,
Wenlong Liu
1,†,
Jianrong Hao
1,
Xixi Ma
1,
Zhiyi Zheng
1,
Yinghan Fang
1,
Yuxin Liang
1,
Zhihao Tian
1,
Li Sun
1,2,
Chuanrun Li
1,2,* and
Haiyang Yan
1,2,*
1
Pharmaceutical Engineering Technology Research Center, School of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230012, China
2
Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Preparation Technology and Application, Hefei 230012, China
*
Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed.
†
These authors contributed equally to this work.
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2023, 24(17), 13174; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms241713174
Submission received: 26 July 2023 / Revised: 18 August 2023 / Accepted: 23 August 2023 / Published: 24 August 2023
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Ion and Molecule Transport in Membrane Systems 5.0)
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Abstract

In this study, bipolar membrane electrodialysis was proposed to directly convert L-ornithine monohydrochloride to L-ornithine. The stack configuration was optimized in the BP-A (BP, bipolar membrane; A, anion exchange membrane) configuration with the Cl− ion migration through the anion exchange membrane rather than the BP-A-C (C, cation exchange membrane) and the BP-C configurations with the L-ornithine+ ion migration through the cation exchange membrane. Both the conversion ratio and current efficiency follow BP-A > BP-A-C > BP-C, and the energy consumption follows BP-A < BP-A-C < BP-C. Additionally, the voltage drop across the membrane stack (two repeating units) and the feed concentration were optimized as 7.5 V and 0.50 mol/L, respectively, due to the low value of the sum of H+ ions leakage (from the acid compartment to the base compartment) and OH− ions migration (from the base compartment to the acid compartment) through the anion exchange membrane. As a result, high conversion ratio (96.1%), high current efficiency (95.5%) and low energy consumption (0.31 kWh/kg L-ornithine) can be achieved. Therefore, bipolar membrane electrodialysis is an efficient, low energy consumption and environmentally friendly method to directly convert L-ornithine monohydrochloride to L-ornithine.
Keywords: bipolar membrane electrodialysis; L-ornithine monohydrochloride; L-ornithine; conversion; separation mechanism bipolar membrane electrodialysis; L-ornithine monohydrochloride; L-ornithine; conversion; separation mechanism

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MDPI and ACS Style

He, J.; Liu, W.; Hao, J.; Ma, X.; Zheng, Z.; Fang, Y.; Liang, Y.; Tian, Z.; Sun, L.; Li, C.; et al. Bipolar Membrane Electrodialysis for Direct Conversion of L-Ornithine Monohydrochloride to L-Ornithine. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2023, 24, 13174. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms241713174

AMA Style

He J, Liu W, Hao J, Ma X, Zheng Z, Fang Y, Liang Y, Tian Z, Sun L, Li C, et al. Bipolar Membrane Electrodialysis for Direct Conversion of L-Ornithine Monohydrochloride to L-Ornithine. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2023; 24(17):13174. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms241713174

Chicago/Turabian Style

He, Jinfeng, Wenlong Liu, Jianrong Hao, Xixi Ma, Zhiyi Zheng, Yinghan Fang, Yuxin Liang, Zhihao Tian, Li Sun, Chuanrun Li, and et al. 2023. "Bipolar Membrane Electrodialysis for Direct Conversion of L-Ornithine Monohydrochloride to L-Ornithine" International Journal of Molecular Sciences 24, no. 17: 13174. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms241713174

APA Style

He, J., Liu, W., Hao, J., Ma, X., Zheng, Z., Fang, Y., Liang, Y., Tian, Z., Sun, L., Li, C., & Yan, H. (2023). Bipolar Membrane Electrodialysis for Direct Conversion of L-Ornithine Monohydrochloride to L-Ornithine. International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 24(17), 13174. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms241713174

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