Antioxidant Iron Oxide Nanoparticles: Their Biocompatibility and Bioactive Properties
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Results
3. Discussion
4. Materials and Methods
4.1. Materials and Instruments
4.2. Synthesis of GA-IONPs
4.3. Biological Activity Test of GA-IONP
4.4. Exosome Analysis Depending on the ROS and GA-IONP Treatment
5. Conclusions
Supplementary Materials
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
- Jacob, J.; Haponiuk, J.T.; Thomas, S.; Gopi, S. Biopolymer based nanomaterials in drug delivery systems: A review. Mater. Today Chem. 2018, 9, 43–55. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Wilczewska, A.Z.; Niemirowicz, K.; Markiewicz, K.H.; Car, H. Nanoparticles as drug delivery systems. Pharmacol. Rep. 2012, 64, 1020–1037. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Estelrich, J.; Sánchez-Martín, M.J.; Busquets, M.A. Nanoparticles in magnetic resonance imaging: From simple to dual contrast agents. Int. J. Nanomed. 2015, 10, 1727–1741. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Mutalik, C.; Okoro, G.; Krisnawati, D.I.; Jazidie, A.; Rahmawati, E.Q.; Rahayu, D.; Hsu, W.-T.; Kuo, T.-R. Copper sulfide with morphology-dependent photodynamic and photothermal antibacterial activities. J. Colloid Interface Sci. 2022, 607, 1825–1835. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Ortega-Muñoz, M.; Giron-Gonzalez, M.D.; Salto-Gonzalez, R.; Jodar-Reyes, A.B.; De Jesus, S.E.; Lopez-Jaramillo, F.J.; Hernandez-Mateo, F.; Santoyo-Gonzalez, F. Polyethyleneimine-Coated Gold Nanoparticles: Straightforward Preparation of Efficient DNA Delivery Nanocarriers. Chem.–Asian J. 2016, 11, 3365–3375. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Álvarez-Benedicto, E.; Farbiak, L.; Márquez Ramírez, M.; Wang, X.; Johnson, L.T.; Mian, O.; Guerrero, E.D.; Siegwart, D.J. Optimization of phospholipid chemistry for improved lipid nanoparticle (LNP) delivery of messenger RNA (mRNA). Biomater. Sci. 2022, 10, 549–559. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Mohamud, R.; Xiang, S.D.; Selomulya, C.; Rolland, J.M.; O’Hehir, R.E.; Hardy, C.L.; Plebanski, M. The effects of engineered nanoparticles on pulmonary immune homeostasis. Drug Metab. Rev. 2014, 46, 176–190. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Singh, S.; Nalwa, H.S. Nanotechnology and Health SafetyߞToxicity and Risk Assessments of Nanostructured Materials on Human Health. J. Nanosci. Nanotechnol. 2007, 7, 3048–3070. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Singh, A.V.; Laux, P.; Luch, A.; Sudrik, C.; Wiehr, S.; Wild, A.-M.; Santomauro, G.; Bill, J.; Sitti, M. Review of emerging concepts in nanotoxicology: Opportunities and challenges for safer nanomaterial design. Toxicol. Mech. Methods 2019, 29, 378–387. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Malvindi, M.A.; De Matteis, V.; Galeone, A.; Brunetti, V.; Anyfantis, G.C.; Athanassiou, A.; Cingolani, R.; Pompa, P.P. Toxicity Assessment of Silica Coated Iron Oxide Nanoparticles and Biocompatibility Improvement by Surface Engineering. PLoS ONE 2014, 9, e85835. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Ahmad, R.; Srivastava, S.; Ghosh, S.; Khare, S.K. Phytochemical delivery through nanocarriers: A review. Colloids Surf. B Biointerfaces 2021, 197, 111389. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Mehan, S.; Arora, N.; Bhalla, S.; Khan, A.; U Rehman, M.; Alghamdi, B.S.; Zughaibi, T.A.; Ashraf, G.M. Involvement of Phytochemical-Encapsulated Nanoparticles’ Interaction with Cellular Signalling in the Amelioration of Benign and Malignant Brain Tumours. Molecules 2022, 27, 3561. [Google Scholar] [PubMed]
- Nguyen, N.T.T.; Nguyen, L.M.; Nguyen, T.T.T.; Nguyen, T.T.; Nguyen, D.T.C.; Tran, T.V. Formation, antimicrobial activity, and biomedical performance of plant-based nanoparticles: A review. Environ. Chem. Lett. 2022, 20, 2531–2571. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Badhani, B.; Sharma, N.; Kakkar, R. Gallic acid: A versatile antioxidant with promising therapeutic and industrial applications. RSC Adv. 2015, 5, 27540–27557. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Verdú, S.; Ruiz-Rico, M.; Perez, A.J.; Barat, J.M.; Talens, P.; Grau, R. Toxicological implications of amplifying the antibacterial activity of gallic acid by immobilisation on silica particles: A study on C. elegans. Environ. Toxicol. Pharmacol. 2020, 80, 103492. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Subramanian, A.P.; Jaganathan, S.K.; Mandal, M.; Supriyanto, E.; Muhamad, I.I. Gallic acid induced apoptotic events in HCT-15 colon cancer cells. World J. Gastroenterol 2016, 22, 3952–3961. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- BenSaad, L.A.; Kim, K.H.; Quah, C.C.; Kim, W.R.; Shahimi, M. Anti-inflammatory potential of ellagic acid, gallic acid and punicalagin A&B isolated from Punica granatum. BMC Complement. Altern. Med. 2017, 17, 47. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Kang, D.Y.; Sp, N.; Jo, E.S.; Rugamba, A.; Hong, D.Y.; Lee, H.G.; Yoo, J.-S.; Liu, Q.; Jang, K.-J.; Yang, Y.M. The Inhibitory Mechanisms of Tumor PD-L1 Expression by Natural Bioactive Gallic Acid in Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC) Cells. Cancers 2020, 12, 727. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Nemčeková, K.; Svitková, V.; Sochr, J.; Gemeiner, P.; Labuda, J. Gallic acid-coated silver nanoparticles as perspective drug nanocarriers: Bioanalytical study. Anal. Bioanal. Chem. 2022, 414, 5493–5505. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Wang, R.; Li, J.; Zhang, X.; Zhang, X.; Zhang, X.; Zhu, Y.; Chen, C.; Liu, Z.; Wu, X.; Wang, D.; et al. Extracellular vesicles promote epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition of lens epithelial cells under oxidative stress. Exp. Cell Res. 2021, 398, 112362. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Yang, J.S.; Kim, J.Y.; Lee, J.C.; Moon, M.H. Investigation of lipidomic perturbations in oxidatively stressed subcellular organelles and exosomes by asymmetrical flow field–flow fractionation and nanoflow ultrahigh performance liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry. Anal. Chim. Acta 2019, 1073, 79–89. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Hedlund, M.; Nagaeva, O.; Kargl, D.; Baranov, V.; Mincheva-Nilsson, L. Thermal- and Oxidative Stress Causes Enhanced Release of NKG2D Ligand-Bearing Immunosuppressive Exosomes in Leukemia/Lymphoma T and B Cells. PLoS ONE 2011, 6, e16899. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Arslan, F.; Lai, R.C.; Smeets, M.B.; Akeroyd, L.; Choo, A.; Aguor, E.N.E.; Timmers, L.; van Rijen, H.V.; Doevendans, P.A.; Pasterkamp, G.; et al. Mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes increase ATP levels, decrease oxidative stress and activate PI3K/Akt pathway to enhance myocardial viability and prevent adverse remodeling after myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury. Stem Cell Res. 2013, 10, 301–312. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Hyung, S.; Jeong, J.; Shin, K.; Kim, J.Y.; Yim, J.-H.; Yu, C.J.; Jung, H.S.; Hwang, K.-G.; Choi, D.; Hong, J.W. Exosomes derived from chemically induced human hepatic progenitors inhibit oxidative stress induced cell death. Biotechnol. Bioeng. 2020, 117, 2658–2667. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Lai, R.; Cai, C.; Wu, W.; Hu, P.; Wang, Q. Exosomes derived from mouse inner ear stem cells attenuate gentamicin-induced ototoxicity in vitro through the miR-182-5p/FOXO3 axis. J. Tissue Eng. Regen. Med. 2020, 14, 1149–1156. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Zhou, Y.; Xu, H.; Xu, W.; Wang, B.; Wu, H.; Tao, Y.; Zhang, B.; Wang, M.; Mao, F.; Yan, Y.; et al. Exosomes released by human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells protect against cisplatin-induced renal oxidative stress and apoptosis in vivo and in vitro. Stem Cell Res. Ther. 2013, 4, 34. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Lee, J.; Lee, J.-H.; Mondal, J.; Hwang, J.; Kim, H.S.; Kumar, V.; Raj, A.; Hwang, S.R.; Lee, Y.-K. Magnetofluoro-Immunosensing Platform Based on Binary Nanoparticle-Decorated Graphene for Detection of Cancer Cell-Derived Exosomes. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2022, 23, 9619. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Lee, J.; Lee, J.-H.; Chakraborty, K.; Hwang, J.; Lee, Y.-K. Exosome-based drug delivery systems and their therapeutic applications. RSC Adv. 2022, 12, 18475–18492. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Hoshino, A.; Kim, H.S.; Bojmar, L.; Gyan, K.E.; Cioffi, M.; Hernandez, J.; Zambirinis, C.P.; Rodrigues, G.; Molina, H.; Heissel, S.; et al. Extracellular Vesicle and Particle Biomarkers Define Multiple Human Cancers. Cell 2020, 182, 1044–1061.e1018. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Lu, J.; Li, J.; Liu, S.; Wang, T.; Ianni, A.; Bober, E.; Braun, T.; Xiang, R.; Yue, S. Exosomal tetraspanins mediate cancer metastasis by altering host microenvironment. Oncotarget 2017, 8, 62803–62815. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Andreu, Z.; Yáñez-Mó, M. Tetraspanins in Extracellular Vesicle Formation and Function. Front. Immunol. 2014, 5, 442. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Garner, J.M.; Herr, M.J.; Hodges, K.B.; Jennings, L.K. The utility of tetraspanin CD9 as a biomarker for metastatic clear cell renal cell carcinoma. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 2016, 471, 21–25. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Malla, R.R.; Pandrangi, S.; Kumari, S.; Gavara, M.M.; Badana, A.K. Exosomal tetraspanins as regulators of cancer progression and metastasis and novel diagnostic markers. Asia-Pac. J. Clin. Oncol. 2018, 14, 383–391. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Mizenko, R.R.; Brostoff, T.; Rojalin, T.; Koster, H.J.; Swindell, H.S.; Leiserowitz, G.S.; Wang, A.; Carney, R.P. Tetraspanins are unevenly distributed across single extracellular vesicles and bias sensitivity to multiplexed cancer biomarkers. J. Nanobiotechnol. 2021, 19, 250. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Daaboul, G.G.; Gagni, P.; Benussi, L.; Bettotti, P.; Ciani, M.; Cretich, M.; Freedman, D.S.; Ghidoni, R.; Ozkumur, A.Y.; Piotto, C.; et al. Digital Detection of Exosomes by Interferometric Imaging. Sci. Rep. 2016, 6, 37246. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Suzuki, M.; Tachibana, I.; Takeda, Y.; He, P.; Minami, S.; Iwasaki, T.; Kida, H.; Goya, S.; Kijima, T.; Yoshida, M.; et al. Tetraspanin CD9 Negatively Regulates Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Macrophage Activation and Lung Inflammation1. J. Immunol. 2009, 182, 6485–6493. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Jin, Y.; Takeda, Y.; Kondo, Y.; Tripathi, L.P.; Kang, S.; Takeshita, H.; Kuhara, H.; Maeda, Y.; Higashiguchi, M.; Miyake, K.; et al. Double deletion of tetraspanins CD9 and CD81 in mice leads to a syndrome resembling accelerated aging. Sci. Rep. 2018, 8, 5145. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Lee, J.; Hwang, S. Density Functional Theoretical Study on the Reduction Potentials of Catechols in Water. Bull. Korean Chem. Soc. 2012, 33, 3889–3890. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Lee, J.; Morita, M.; Takemura, K.; Park, E.Y. A multi-functional gold/iron-oxide nanoparticle-CNT hybrid nanomaterial as virus DNA sensing platform. Biosens. Bioelectron. 2018, 102, 425–431. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Hua, Y.; Wang, S.; Xiao, J.; Cui, C.; Wang, C. Preparation and characterization of Fe3O4/gallic acid/graphene oxide magnetic nanocomposites as highly efficient Fenton catalysts. RSC Adv. 2017, 7, 28979–28986. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Hong, S.C.; Lee, J.H.; Lee, J.; Kim, H.Y.; Park, J.Y.; Cho, J.; Lee, J.; Han, D.-W. Subtle cytotoxicity and genotoxicity differences in superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles coated with various functional groups. Int. J. Nanomed. 2011, 6, 3219–3231. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Aborehab, N.M.; Osama, N. Effect of Gallic acid in potentiating chemotherapeutic effect of Paclitaxel in HeLa cervical cancer cells. Cancer Cell Int. 2019, 19, 154. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Ho, I.Y.M.; Aziz, A.A.; Junit, S.M. Evaluation of Anti-proliferative Efects of Barringtonia racemosa and Gallic Acid on Caco-2 Cells. Sci. Rep. 2020, 10, 9987. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Wang, K.; Zhu, X.; Zhang, K.; Zhu, L.; Zhou, F. Investigation of Gallic Acid Induced Anticancer Effect in Human Breast Carcinoma MCF-7 Cells. J. Biochem. Mol. Toxicol. 2014, 28, 387–393. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
Disclaimer/Publisher’s Note: The statements, opinions and data contained in all publications are solely those of the individual author(s) and contributor(s) and not of MDPI and/or the editor(s). MDPI and/or the editor(s) disclaim responsibility for any injury to people or property resulting from any ideas, methods, instructions or products referred to in the content. |
© 2023 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
Share and Cite
Lee, J.; Lee, J.-H.; Lee, S.-Y.; Park, S.A.; Kim, J.H.; Hwang, D.; Kim, K.A.; Kim, H.S. Antioxidant Iron Oxide Nanoparticles: Their Biocompatibility and Bioactive Properties. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2023, 24, 15901. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms242115901
Lee J, Lee J-H, Lee S-Y, Park SA, Kim JH, Hwang D, Kim KA, Kim HS. Antioxidant Iron Oxide Nanoparticles: Their Biocompatibility and Bioactive Properties. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2023; 24(21):15901. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms242115901
Chicago/Turabian StyleLee, Jaewook, Ji-Heon Lee, Seung-Yeul Lee, Sin A Park, Jae Hoon Kim, Dajeong Hwang, Kyung A Kim, and Han Sang Kim. 2023. "Antioxidant Iron Oxide Nanoparticles: Their Biocompatibility and Bioactive Properties" International Journal of Molecular Sciences 24, no. 21: 15901. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms242115901