Nanomicellar Formulations Loaded with Histamine and Paclitaxel as a New Strategy to Improve Chemotherapy for Breast Cancer
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Results
2.1. Characterization of the Nanomicellar Formulations
2.2. Stability of the Nanoformulations in Simulated Biological Fluid
2.3. In Vitro Hemolysis Assay
2.4. In Vitro Antitumor Activity of Nanomicellar Formulations in TNBC Cells
2.4.1. Cytotoxicity Assays
2.4.2. Apoptosis Assays
2.4.3. Cell Migration Assays
2.5. Cytotoxic Effect of Micellar Formulations in Murine Mammary Epithelial Cells
2.6. In Vivo Antitumor Effect of Glycosylated Nanomicellar Formulations
3. Discussion
4. Materials and Methods
4.1. Chemicals
4.2. Glycosylation of Soluplus® Copolymer
4.3. Preparation of Soluplus® Micelles and Drug Encapsulation
4.4. Characterization of Soluplus® Micelles
4.5. Physicochemical Stability of the Nanoformulations in Simulated Biological Fluid
4.6. Cell Culture
4.7. Cell Proliferation Assays
4.8. Apoptosis Determinations
4.8.1. Annexin V Assay
4.8.2. TUNEL Assay
4.9. Wound Assay
4.10. Breast Cancer Model
4.11. In Vitro Hemolytic Assay
4.12. Histopathological Analysis
4.13. Flow Cytometry for Immunophenotyping
4.14. Statistical Analyses
Supplementary Materials
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Samples | Histamine (5 mg/mL) | Paclitaxel (4 mg/mL) | Size 1 | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Z-Ave (nm) (±S.D.) | PDI (±S.D.) | |||
Soluplus® micelles | - | - | 75.5 (0.2) | 0.09 (0.01) |
√ | - | 77.9 (0.5) | 0.09 (0.01) | |
- | √ | 76.2 (0.9) | 0.09 (0.01) | |
√ | √ | 78.3 (1.1) | 0.10 (0.01) | |
Glucose-Soluplus® micelles | - | - | 75.7 (0.5) | 0.11 (0.01) |
√ | - | 83.8 (0.6) | 0.11 (0.01) | |
- | √ | 79.9 (1.7) | 0.19 (0.01) | |
√ | √ | 87.2 (4.1) | 0.12 (0.01) |
Samples | Histamine (5 mg/mL) | Paclitaxel (4 mg/mL) | Size 1 | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Z-Ave (nm) (±S.D.) | PDI (±S.D.) | |||
Soluplus® Micelles (5% w/v) | √ | - | 180.8 (2.7) | 0.06 (0.01) |
- | √ | 138.8 (8.6) | 0.13 (0.01) | |
√ | √ | 197.6 (4.3) | 0.13 (0.01) | |
Glucose-Soluplus® micelles (5% w/v) | √ | - | 191.6 (1.6) | 0.19 (0.02) |
- | √ | 155.1 (6.3) | 0.23 (0.01) | |
√ | √ | 321.3 (3.8) | 0.35 (0.04) |
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Nicoud, M.B.; Ospital, I.A.; Táquez Delgado, M.A.; Riedel, J.; Fuentes, P.; Bernabeu, E.; Rubinstein, M.R.; Lauretta, P.; Martínez Vivot, R.; Aguilar, M.d.l.Á.; et al. Nanomicellar Formulations Loaded with Histamine and Paclitaxel as a New Strategy to Improve Chemotherapy for Breast Cancer. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2023, 24, 3546. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms24043546
Nicoud MB, Ospital IA, Táquez Delgado MA, Riedel J, Fuentes P, Bernabeu E, Rubinstein MR, Lauretta P, Martínez Vivot R, Aguilar MdlÁ, et al. Nanomicellar Formulations Loaded with Histamine and Paclitaxel as a New Strategy to Improve Chemotherapy for Breast Cancer. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2023; 24(4):3546. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms24043546
Chicago/Turabian StyleNicoud, Melisa B., Ignacio A. Ospital, Mónica A. Táquez Delgado, Jennifer Riedel, Pedro Fuentes, Ezequiel Bernabeu, Mara R. Rubinstein, Paolo Lauretta, Rocío Martínez Vivot, María de los Ángeles Aguilar, and et al. 2023. "Nanomicellar Formulations Loaded with Histamine and Paclitaxel as a New Strategy to Improve Chemotherapy for Breast Cancer" International Journal of Molecular Sciences 24, no. 4: 3546. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms24043546