Pharmacogenomics on the Treatment Response in Patients with Psoriasis: An Updated Review
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Pathophysiology and Immunogenetics
3. Treatment
3.1. Methotrexate
3.1.1. ABCC1, ABCC2, ABCG2
3.1.2. ADORA2A
3.1.3. ATIC
3.1.4. BHMT
3.1.5. DNMT3b
3.1.6. FOXP3
3.1.7. GNMT
3.1.8. HLA-Cw6
3.1.9. MTHFR
3.1.10. SLC19A1
3.1.11. SLCO1B1
3.1.12. TNIP1
3.1.13. TYMS
3.2. Acitretin
3.2.1. ApoE
3.2.2. ANKLE1
3.2.3. ARHGEF3
3.2.4. CRB2
3.2.5. HLA-DQA1*02:01
3.2.6. HLA-DQB1*02:02
3.2.7. HLA-G
3.2.8. IL-12B
3.2.9. IL-23R
3.2.10. SFRP4
3.2.11. VEGF
3.3. Cyclosporin
3.3.1. ABCB1
3.3.2. CALM1
3.3.3. MALT1
3.4. Tumor Necrosis Factor Antagonist
3.4.1. Nonspecific TNF Antagonist
Better Response of Efficacy
Poor Response of Efficacy
Toxicity
3.4.2. Etanercept (ETA/ETN)
CD84
FCGR3A
TNFAIP3
TNF, TNFRSF1B
3.4.3. Adalimumab (ADA) & Infliximab (IFX/INF)
CPM
HLA
IL17F
NFKBIZ
TNF, TNFRSF1B
TRAF3IP2
3.5. IL-12/IL-23 Antagonist
3.5.1. Ustekinumab (UTK)
Better Response of Efficacy
Poor Response of Efficacy
3.6. IL-17 Antagonist
3.6.1. Secukinumab (SCK) and Ixekizumab (IXE) and Brodalumab (BDL)
HLA-Cw6
IL-17
3.7. PDE4 Antagonist
3.8. Topical Agents
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Supplementary Materials
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Gene | SNP | Variant of Allele or Genotype (Reference Group) | Response | PharmGKB LOE | N | Population | Outcome Measures | Time Point (Month) | p Value | PMID |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Efficacy | ||||||||||
ABCC1 | rs35592 | allele C (allele T) | ↓ | 3 | 374 | UK | PASI75, PASI < 50 | 3 | 0.008 | 18256692 |
rs28364006 | allele G (allele A) | ↓ | 3 | 374 | UK | PASI75, PASI < 50 | 3 | 0.02 | 18256692 | |
rs2238476 | allele A (allele G) | ↓ | 3 | 374 | UK | PASI75, PASI < 50 | 3 | 0.02 | 18256692 | |
ABCC2 | rs717620 | TT/CT (CC) | ↑ | NA | 137 | Slovenia | PASI75, PASI < 75 | 6 | 0.039 | 33714108 |
ABCG2 | rs17731538 | allele A (allele G) | ↓ | 3 | 374 | UK | PASI75, PASI < 50 | 3 | 0.007 | 18256692 |
rs13120400 | allele C (allele T) | ↑ | 3 | 374 | UK | PASI75, PASI < 50 | 3 | 0.03 | 18256692 | |
DNMT3b | rs242913 | allele T (allele C) | ↓ | NA | 137 | Slovenia | PASI75, PASI < 75 | 6 | 0.005 | 33714108 |
FOXP3 | rs3761548 | allele G (allele T) | ↓ | 3 | 189 | India | PASI75, PASI < 50 | 3 | 0.003 | 28444425 |
GNMT | rs10948059 | allele T (allele C) | ↓ | NA | 137 | Slovenia | PASI75, PASI < 75 | 6 | 0.0004 | 33714108 |
HLA-C | Cw:06 | POS (NEG) | ↑ | 3 | 189 | India | PASI75, PASI < 50 | 3 | 0.004 | 28444425 |
POS (NEG) | ↑ | NA | 70 | UK | Treatment duration beyond 12 months or not | 12 | 0.05 | 28512993 | ||
MTHFR | rs1801131 | CT (TT/CC) | ↓ | NA | 309 | Chinese | PASI75, PASI < 75 | 3 | 0.014 | 35479943 |
rs1801133 | TT (CT/CC) | ↑ | NA | 309 | Chinese | PASI90, PASI < 90 | 3 | 0.006 | 35479943 | |
SLCO1B1 | - | Low haplotype activity (High) | ↑ | NA | 137 | Slovenia | PASI75, PASI < 75 | 6 | 0.027 | 33714108 |
TNIP1 | rs10036748 | TT (CC) | ↑ | NA | 221 | Chinese | PASI75, PASI < 75 | 3 | 0.043 | 31020648 |
Toxicity | ||||||||||
ABCC1 | rs246240 | allele G (allele A) | ↓ | 3 | 374 | UK | susceptible to toxicity | - | 0.0006 | 18256692 |
rs2238476 | allele A (allele G) | ↓ | 3 | 374 | UK | susceptible to toxicity | - | 0.01 | 18256692 | |
rs1967120 | allele A (allele G) | ↓ | NA | 374 | UK | susceptible to toxicity | - | 0.01 | 18256692 | |
rs11075291 | allele A (allele G) | ↓ | NA | 374 | UK | susceptible to toxicity | - | 0.008 | 18256692 | |
rs3784862 | Allele G (allele A) | ↓ | NA | 374 | UK | susceptible to toxicity | - | 0.002 | 18256692 | |
rs3784864 | Allele A (allele G) | ↓ | NA | 374 | UK | susceptible to toxicity | - | 0.03 | 18256692 | |
ATIC | rs2372536 | No specific genotype | ↑ | NA | 188 | UK | discontinuation due to AE | - | 0.038 | 17410198 |
Allele G (allele C) | ↓ | NA | 374 | UK | susceptible to toxicity | - | 0.01 | 19016697 | ||
rs4672768 | c.1660-135G>A Homozygotes for the major allele | ↑ | NA | 374 | UK | susceptible to toxicity | - | 0.02 | 19016697 | |
ADORA2A | rs5760410 | G > A Homozygotes for the major | ↑ | NA | 374 | UK | susceptible to toxicity | - | 0.03 | 18256692 |
BHMT | rs3733890 | AA/GA (GG) | ↑ | NA | 137 | Slovenia | Hepatotoxicity | - | 0.022 | 33714108 |
MTHFR | rs1801131 | CT (TT/CC) | ↓ | NA | 309 | Chinese | Hepatotoxicity | - | 0.04 | 35479943 |
SLC19A1 | rs1051266 | Allele A (Allele G) | ↑ | NA | 188 | UK | Occurrence of AE | - | 0.025 | 17410198 |
Allele A (Allele G) | ↑ | NA | 374 | UK | Associated with toxicity | - | 0.03 | 18256692 | ||
TYMS | rs11280056 | 6bp del allele (wild allele) | ↑ | 4 | 188 | UK | Occurrence of AE | - | 0.025 | 17410198 |
rs34743033 | 3R allele (wild allele) | ↑ | NA | 188 | UK | Toxicity when not receiving folic acid | - | 0.0025 | 17410198 |
Gene | SNP | Variant of Allele or Genotype (Reference Group) | Response | PharmGKB LOE | N | Population | Outcome Measures | Time Point (Month) | p Value | PMID |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Efficacy | ||||||||||
ANKLE1 | rs11086065 | AG/GG (AA) | ↓ | NA | 166 | Chinese | PASI75 | 3 | 0.003 | 28146080 |
ARHGEF | rs3821414 | CT/CC (TT) | ↑ | NA | 166 | Chinese | PASI75 | 3 | 0.01 | |
CRB2 | rs1105223 | TT/CT (CC) | ↑ | NA | 166 | Chinese | PASI75 | 3 | 0.048 | |
HLA-DQ | DQA1*02:01 | POS (NEG) | ↑ | NA | 100 | Chinese | PASI75 | 2 | 0.001 | 36224009 |
HLA-DQ | DQB*02:02 | POS (NEG) | ↑ | NA | 100 | Chinese | PASI75 | 2 | 0.005 | |
HLA-G | 14 bp del allele (−) | ↑ | NA | 21 | Italy | PASI75 | 4 | 0.008 | 24909182 | |
IL-12B | rs3212227 | TG | ↑ | NA | 43 | Chinese | PASI50 | NA | 0.035 | 35814239 |
IL-23R | rs112009032 | AA | ↑ | NA | 43 | Chinese | PASI75 | NA | 0.02 | |
SFRP4 | rs1802073 | GG/GT (TT) | ↑ | NA | 166 | Chinese | PASI75 | 3 | 0.007 | 28146080 |
VEGF | rs833061 | TT (−) | ↓ | NA | 106 | UK | PASI75, PASI < 50 | 3 | 0.04 | 16385345 |
TC (−) | ↑ | NA | 106 | UK | PASI75, PASI < 50 | 3 | 0.01 |
Gene | SNP | Variant of Allele or Genotype (Reference Group) | Response | PharmGKB LOE | N | Population | Outcome Measures | Time Point (Month) | p Value | PMID |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Efficacy | ||||||||||
ABCB1 | rs1045642 | Allele T (allele C) | ↓ | NA | 84 | Greece | PASI75, PASI < 50 | 3 | 0.007 | 24889923 |
ABCB1 | rs1045642 | TT/CT (CC) | ↓ | NA | 168 | Russian | PASI75, PASI < 50 | 3 | <0.001 | 36432633 |
ABCB1 | rs1128503 | TT/CT (CC) | ↓ | NA | 168 | Russian | PASI75, PASI < 50 | 3 | 0.027 | |
ABCB1 | rs2032582 | TT/GT (GG) | ↓ | NA | 168 | Russian | PASI75, PASI < 50 | 3 | 0.048 | |
ABCB1 | Block1 | TGC haplotype | ↓ | NA | 168 | Russian | PASI75, PASI < 50 | 3 | <0.001 | |
CALM1 | rs12885713 | Allele T (allele C) | ↑ | NA | 200 | Greece | PASI75, PASI < 50 | 3 | 0.011 | 36229649 |
MALT1 | rs2874116 | Allele G (allele A) | ↑ | NA | 200 | Greece | PASI75, PASI < 50 | 3 | <0.001 |
Gene | SNP | Variant of Allele or Genotype (Reference Group) | Drug | Response | PharmGKB LOE | N | Population | Outcome Measures | Time Point (Month) | p Value | PMID |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Efficacy | |||||||||||
CD84 | rs6427528 | GA (GG) | ETN | ↑ | 3 | 161 | Netherlands | ∆PASI | 3 | 0.025 | 27564082 |
CDKAL1 | rs6908425 | CT/TT (CC) | Anti-TNF | ↑ | 3 | 133 | Spain | PASI75 | 6 | 0.013 | 27670765 |
CTNNA2 | rs11126740 | AG/GG (AA) | Anti-TNF | ↑ | 3 | 144 | Spain | PASI 75 | 3 | 0.003 | 27670765 |
CPM | CNV | 3.5 × 105 bp | ADA | ↑ | NA | 70 | Spain | PASI90, PASI < 75 | 3 and 6 | <0.05 | 338466759 |
FCGR2A | rs1801274 | AA/AG (GG) | ADA, ETN, IFX | ↑ | 4 | 70 | Spain | BSA | 2 | 0.03 | 24048425 |
- | NA | 70 | Spain | ∆PASI, PASI 75 | 3 | 0.18 | 24048425 | ||||
- | NA | 100 | Greece | PASI75 | 6 | 0.749 | 27044681 | ||||
FCGR3A | rs396991 | GG/GT (TT) | ADA, ETN, IFX | ↑ | 3 | 100 | Greece | PASI75 | 6 | 0.005 | 27044681 |
ETN | ↑ | 55 | 0.01 | ||||||||
ADA, IFX | - | 45 | 0.331 | ||||||||
AA (AC/CC) | ADA, ETN, IFX | ↓ | 3 | 70 | Spain | BSA | 2 | 0.02 | 24048425 | ||
- | NA | Spain | PASI 75 | 3 | 0.13 | ||||||
HLA-A | rs9260313 | TT (CT/CC) | ADA | ↑ | NA | 39 | UK | PASI75, PASI < 50 | 6 | 0.05 | 27043841 |
HLA-C | Cw6 | POS (NEG) | ADA | ↑ | NA | 169 | Spain | PASI75 | 6 | 0.018 | 31267486 |
HLA-C | rs12191877 | CT/TT (CC) | Anti-TNF | ↑ | 3 | 144 | Spain | PASI 75 | 3 | 0.05 | 27670765 |
HLA-C | rs10484554 | CT/CC (TT) | Anti-TNF | ↑ | NA | 199 | UK | PASI75, PASI < 50 | 6 | 0.032 | 27043841 |
IL12B | rs2546890 | AG/GG (AA) | Anti-TNF | ↓ | 3 | 144 | Spain | PASI 75 | 3 | 0.017 | 27670765 |
IL17RA | rs4819554 | Allele A (allele G) | Anti-TNF | ↑ | 3 | 238 | Spain | PASI 75 | 3 | 0.01 | 27670766 |
NA | PASI 75 | 6 | 0.04 | ||||||||
AA (AG/GG) | Anti-TNF | ↑ | NA | 238 | Spain | PASI 75 | 3 | 0.03 | 27670766 | ||
IL1B | rs1143623 | CG/GG (CC) | Anti-TNF | ↓ | 3 | 376 | Denmark | PASI75, PASI < 50 | 3 | 0.0041 | 28696418 |
rs1143627 | AG/GG (AA) | Anti-TNF | ↓ | 3 | 376 | Denmark | PASI75, PASI < 50 | 3 | 0.0016 | 28696418 | |
IL-17F | rs763780 | TC (TT) | ADA | ↓ | NA | 67 | Spain | PASI75 | 6 | 0.0044 | 26415694 |
TC (TT) | IFX | ↑ | NA | 37 | Spain | PASI75 | 3 | 0.023 | 26415694 | ||
TC (TT) | IFX | ↑ | NA | 37 | Spain | PASI75 | 6 | 0.02 | 26415694 | ||
IL23R | rs11209026 | GG | Anti-TNF | ↑ | NA | 109 | Spain | PASI90 | 6 | 0.006 | 23662788 |
LY96 | rs11465996 | Allele G (allele C) | Anti-TNF | ↓ | 3 | 376 | Denmark | PASI75, PASI < 50 | 3 | 0.0044 | 28696418 |
MAP3K1 | rs96844 | AG/GG (AA) | Anti-TNF | ↑ | 3 | 144 | Spain | PASI75 | 3 and 6 | 0.004 | 27670765 |
NFKBIZ | rs3217713 | Deletion | ADA | ↑ | NA | 169 | Spain | PASI75 | 6 | 0.015 | 31267486 |
PGLYRP4 | rs2916205 | CC/CT (TT) | Anti-TNF | ↓ | 3 | 144 | Spain | PASI75 | 3 | 0.05 | 27670765 |
TLR2 | rs4696480 | AT/TT (AA) | Anti-TNF | ↓ | 3 | 376 | Denmark | PASI75, PASI < 50 | 3 | 0.0032 | 28696418 |
TLR2 | rs11938228 | AA/AC (CC) | Anti-TNF | ↓ | 3 | 376 | Denmark | PASI75, PASI < 50 | 3 | 0.0019 | 28696418 |
TLR9 | rs352139 | CT/TT (CC) | Anti-TNF | ↑ | 3 | 376 | Denmark | PASI75, PASI < 50 | 3 | 0.0017 | 28696418 |
TNF | rs361525 | GG | Anti-TNF | ↑ | NA | 109 | Spain | PASI75 | 6 | 0.049 | 23662788 |
TNF | rs1799724 | CT/TT | Anti-TNF | ↑ | NA | 109 | Spain | PASI75 | 6 | 0.006 | 23662788 |
CT/TT (TT) | ETN | ↑ | NA | 80 | Greece | PASI75, PASI < 50 | 6 | 0.002 | 22111980 | ||
TNF | rs1799964 | TT | Anti-TNF | ↑ | NA | 109 | Spain | PASI75 | 6 | 0.038 | 23662788 |
TNFAIP3 | rs610604 | AA/CA (CC) | ETN | ↑ | NA | 35 | UK | PASI75, PASI < 50 | 6 | 0.007 | 27043841 |
TNFRSF1B | rs1061622 | TT/TG (GG) | ETN | ↑ | NA | 80 | Greece | PASI75, PASI < 50 | 6 | 0.001 | 22111980 |
TNFRSF1B | rs1061622 | Allele G (allele T) | Anti-TNF | ↓ | NA | 53 | Spain | PASI75 | 6 | 0.03 | 25537528 |
TRAF3IP2 | rs13190932 | GG (GA + AA) | IFX | ↑ | NA | 124 | UK | PASI75, PASI < 50 | 6 | 0.041 | 27043841 |
ZNF816A | rs9304742 | CC (CT + TT) | Anti-TNF | ↓ | 3 | 144 | Spain | PASI75 | 3 | 0.02 | 27670765 |
Toxicity | |||||||||||
ARNT2, LOC101929586, MIR5572 | CNV | 1 × 105 bp | ADA, IFX, ETN | ↑ | NA | 70 | Spain | PP | 3 and 6 | 0.006 | 33846759 |
CTLA4 | rs3087243 | AG/GG (AA) | Anti-TNF | ↓ | 3 | 161 | Spain | PP | 9 | 0.005 | 26194362 |
FBXL19 | rs10782001 | GG (AA/AG) | Anti-TNF | ↑ | 3 | 161 | Spain | PP | 9 | 0.028 | 26194362 |
IL23R | rs11209026 | AG (GG) | Anti-TNF | ↑ | 3 | 161 | Spain | PP | 9 | 0.012 | 26194362 |
SLC12A8 | rs651630 | TT (AA/AT) | Anti-TNF | ↓ | 3 | 161 | Spain | PP | 9 | 0.011 | 26194362 |
TAP1 | rs1135216 (former rs1800453) | AG (AA/GG) | Anti-TNF | ↓ | - | 161 | Spain | PP | 9 | 0.018 | 26194362 |
Gene | SNP | Variant of Allele or Genotype (Reference Group) | Drug | Response | PharmGKB LOE | N | Population | Outcome Measures | Time Point (Month) | p Value | PMID |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Efficacy | |||||||||||
ADAM33 | rs2787094 | CC | UTK | ↑ | NA | 69 | Spanish | PASI75 | 4 | 0.015 | 27977334 |
CHUK | rs11591741 | CG/CC | UTK | ↓ | NA | 69 | Spanish | PASI75 | 4 | 0.029 | |
C9orf72 | rs774359 | CT/CC | UTK | ↓ | NA | 69 | Spanish | PASI75 | 4 | 0.016 | |
C17orf51 | rs1975974 | AG/GG | UTK | ↓ | NA | 69 | Spanish | PASI75 | 4 | 0.012 | |
ERAP1 | rs26653 | GC/GG (CC) | UTK | ↑ | NA | 22 | UK | PASI75, PASI < 50 | 6 | 0.016 | 27043841 |
rs151823 | CC (CA) | UTK | ↑ | NA | 22 | UK | PASI75, PASI < 50 | 6 | 0.026 | ||
HLA-C | Cw*06:02 | POS (NEG) | UTK | ↑ | NA | 332 | USA | PASI75 | 3 | <0.05 | 27476722 |
UTK | ↑ | NA | 937 | Netherlands | PASI75 | 6 | <0.001 | 30994858 | |||
UTK | ↑ | NA | 255 | Italy | PASI50 | 1 | <0.0001 | 28207934 | |||
Cw*06 | POS (NEG) | UTK | ↑ | 3 | 51 | Italy | PASI75 | 3 | <0.008 | 23521149 | |
UTK | ↑ | NA | 66 | Taiwan | PASI75 | 7 | 0.019 | 24734995 | |||
UTK | ↑ | NA | 134 | Italy | PASI75 | 3 | 0.001 | 26775778 | |||
UTK | ↑ | NA | 64 | Italy | PASI75 | 7 | 0.028 | 26678060 | |||
HLA-C, IL12B | Cw*06, rs6887695 | POS, GG (NEG, CG/CC) | UTK | ↑ | NA | 64 | Italy | PASI75 | 7 | 0.033 | |
Cw*06, rs3212227 | POS, CA/CC (NEG, AA) | UTK | ↑ | NA | 64 | Italy | PASI75 | 7 | 0.034 | ||
HLA-C, IL6 | Cw*06, rs1800795 | POS, CG/CC (NEG, GG) | UTK | ↑ | NA | 64 | Italy | PASI75 | 7 | 0.026 | |
HTR2A | rs6311 | CT/TT | UTK | ↑ | NA | 69 | Spanish | PASI75 | 4 | 0.037 | 27977334 |
IL1B | rs1143623 | CG/GG (CC) | UTK | ↓ | 3 | 376 | Denmark | PASI75, PASI < 50 | 3 | 0.0019 | 28696418 |
rs1143627 | AG/GG (AA) | UTK | ↓ | 3 | 376 | Denmark | PASI75, PASI < 50 | 3 | 0.0016 | ||
IL12B | rs3213094 | CT (CC) | UTK | ↑ | 3 | 66 | Netherlands | ∆PASI | 3 | 0.017 | 27564082 |
IL-13 | rs848 | GT/TT | UTK | ↑ | NA | 69 | Spanish | PASI75 | 4 | 0.037 | 27977334 |
IL-17F | rs763780 | TC (TT) | UTK | ↓ | NA | 70 | Spain | PASI75 | 3 | 0.022 | 26415694 |
6 | 0.016 | ||||||||||
NFKBIA | rs2145623 | CC | UTK | ↑ | NA | 69 | Spanish | PASI75 | 4 | 0.024 | 27977334 |
SLC22A4 | rs1050152 | CT | UTK | ↓ | NA | 69 | Spanish | PASI75 | 4 | 0.037 | 27977334 |
STAT4 | rs7574865 | GT/TT | UTK | ↓ | NA | 69 | Spanish | PASI75 | 4 | 0.015 | 27977334 |
TIRAP | rs8177374 | CT/TT (CC) | UTK | ↑ | 3 | 230 | Denmark | PASI75, PASI < 50 | 3 | 0.0051 | 28696418 |
TLR5 | rs5744174 | AG/GG (AA) | UTK | ↑ | 3 | 230 | Denmark | PASI75, PASI < 50 | 3 | 0.0012 | 28696418 |
TNFAIP3 | rs610604 | GG (TT) | UTK | ↓ | 4 | 66 | Netherlands | ∆PASI | 3 | 0.031 | 27564082 |
GG (TT) | UTK | - | 4 | 51 | Italy | PASI75 | 3 | 0.75 | 23521149 | ||
TNFR1 | rs191190 | CT/CC | UTK | ↑ | NA | 69 | Spanish | PASI75 | 4 | 0.037 | 27977334 |
TNFRSF1B | rs1061622 | Allele G (allele T) | UTK | ↓ | NA | 8 | Spain | PASI75, PASI < 50 | 6 | 0.05 | 25537528 |
ZNF816A | rs9304742 | CT/CC | UTK | ↓ | NA | 69 | Spanish | PASI75 | 4 | 0.012 | 27977334 |
Gene | SNP | Variant of Allele or Genotype (Reference Group) | Drug | Response | PharmGKB LOE | N | Population | Outcome Measures | Time Point (Month) | p Value | PMID |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Efficacy | |||||||||||
HLA-C | HLA-Cw6 | Cw*06-POS (Cw*06-NEG) | SCK | - | NA | 434 | Italy | PASI90 | 4 | 0.293 | 29704432 |
HLA-C | HLA-Cw6 | Cw*06-POS (Cw*06-NEG) | SCK | - | NA | 434 | Italy | PASI90 | 18 | >0.05 | 31001812 |
HLA-C | HLA-Cw6 | Cw*06-POS (Cw*06-NEG) | SCK | - | NA | 18 | Switzerland | ∆PASI | 3 | >0.05 | 29356172 |
IL-17 | rs2275913 rs8193037 rs3819025 rs7747909 rs3748067 | GA/AA (GG) GA/AA (GG) GA/AA (GG) GA/AA (GG) CT/TT (CC) | SCK, IXE | - | NA | 134 | Italy | ∆PASI | 3 and 6 | >0.05 | 31287604 |
Gene | SNP | Variant of Allele or Genotype (Reference Group) | Response | PharmGKB LOE | N | Population | Outcome Measures | Time Point (Month) | p Value | PMID |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Efficacy | ||||||||||
IL-1B | rs1143633 | T (C) | ↑ | NA | 34 | Russian | PASI75 | 6.5 | 0.05 | 33383665 |
IL-4 | rs20541 | A (G) | ↑ | NA | 34 | Russian | PASI75 | 6.5 | 0.04 | 33383665 |
IL-23R | rs2201841 | G/T (A) | ↑ | NA | 34 | Russian | PASI75 | 6.5 | 0.03 | 33383665 |
TNF-a | rs1800629 | A (G) | ↑ | NA | 34 | Russian | PASI75 | 6.5 | 0.03 | 33383665 |
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Share and Cite
Wang, C.-Y.; Wang, C.-W.; Chen, C.-B.; Chen, W.-T.; Chang, Y.-C.; Hui, R.C.-Y.; Chung, W.-H. Pharmacogenomics on the Treatment Response in Patients with Psoriasis: An Updated Review. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2023, 24, 7329. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms24087329
Wang C-Y, Wang C-W, Chen C-B, Chen W-T, Chang Y-C, Hui RC-Y, Chung W-H. Pharmacogenomics on the Treatment Response in Patients with Psoriasis: An Updated Review. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2023; 24(8):7329. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms24087329
Chicago/Turabian StyleWang, Ching-Ya, Chuang-Wei Wang, Chun-Bing Chen, Wei-Ti Chen, Ya-Ching Chang, Rosaline Chung-Yee Hui, and Wen-Hung Chung. 2023. "Pharmacogenomics on the Treatment Response in Patients with Psoriasis: An Updated Review" International Journal of Molecular Sciences 24, no. 8: 7329. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms24087329