Untargeted Metabolome Analyses Revealed Potential Metabolic Mechanisms of Leymus chinensis in Response to Simulated Animal Feeding
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Results
2.1. Accumulation of Oxidative-Stress-Related Factors in Leymus chinensis Experiencing Simulated Animal Feeding
2.2. Overall Assessment of Untargeted Metabolomic Data in Response to Simulated Animal Feeding in L. chinensis
2.3. Analysis of Two Situations Resulting from the Action of Animal Saliva
2.4. Key Differential Metabolites and Metabolic Pathways of L. chinensis in Response to Simulated Animal Feeding
2.5. The Differentially Expressed Genes (DEGs) Are Enriched in the Flavonoid Biosynthesis Pathway in Response to Simulated Animal Feeding in L. chinensis
3. Discussion
4. Materials and Methods
4.1. Leymus chinensis Plants
4.2. Collection of Animal Saliva
4.3. Treatment of L. chinensis by Simulated Animal Grazing
4.4. Physiological Assays Related to Cellular Oxidation of L. chinensis
4.5. Widely Untargeted Metabonomic Analysis
4.6. Transcriptome and Metabolome Analysis of Flavonoid Biosynthesis Pathway in L. chinensis
Supplementary Materials
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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S2 vs. N2 | S6 vs. N6 | S24 vs. N24 | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Gene Annotation | EC Number | Abbreviation | Up | Down | Up | Down | Up | Down |
shikimate O-hydroxycinnamoyl transferase | EC:2.3.1.133 | HCT | 7 | 3 | 4 | 4 | 3 | 1 |
flavonol synthase | EC:1.14.20.6 | FLS | 2 | 1 | 1 | 2 | ||
leucoanthocyanidin reductase | EC:1.17.1.3 | LAR | 1 | 1 | 1 | |||
chalcone synthase | EC:2.3.1.74 | CHS | 2 | 2 | 1 | |||
trans-cinnamate 4-monooxygenase | EC:1.14.14.91 | CYP73A | 1 | 2 | ||||
anthocyanidin synthase | EC:1.14.20.4 | ANS | 4 | 1 | ||||
bifunctional dihydroflavonol 4-reductase/flavanone 4-reductase | EC:1.1.1.219/ 1.1.1.234 | DFR | 1 | |||||
flavone synthase II | EC:1.14.19.76 | FNSⅡ | 1 | 1 | ||||
flavanoid 3′,5′-hydroxylase | EC:1.14.14.81 | F3′5′H | 1 | |||||
flavonoid 3′-hydroxylase | EC:1.14.14.82 | F3′H | 1 | |||||
phlorizin synthase | EC:2.4.1.357 | PGT1 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 22 |
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Zhou, C.; Zhao, R.; Wang, H.; Liu, B.; Yu, Y.; Jiang, L. Untargeted Metabolome Analyses Revealed Potential Metabolic Mechanisms of Leymus chinensis in Response to Simulated Animal Feeding. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2024, 25, 6110. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms25116110
Zhou C, Zhao R, Wang H, Liu B, Yu Y, Jiang L. Untargeted Metabolome Analyses Revealed Potential Metabolic Mechanisms of Leymus chinensis in Response to Simulated Animal Feeding. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2024; 25(11):6110. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms25116110
Chicago/Turabian StyleZhou, Chunxu, Ruiqi Zhao, Han Wang, Bao Liu, Yingjie Yu, and Lili Jiang. 2024. "Untargeted Metabolome Analyses Revealed Potential Metabolic Mechanisms of Leymus chinensis in Response to Simulated Animal Feeding" International Journal of Molecular Sciences 25, no. 11: 6110. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms25116110