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Article

Gibberellin Signaling through RGA Suppresses GCN5 Effects on Arabidopsis Developmental Stages

by
Christina Balouri
1,
Stylianos Poulios
1,
Dimitra Tsompani
1,†,
Zoe Spyropoulou
1,
Maria-Christina Ketikoglou
1,
Athanasios Kaldis
1,‡,
John H. Doonan
2 and
Konstantinos E. Vlachonasios
1,3,*
1
Department of Botany, School of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece
2
National Plant Phenomics Centre, Institute of Biological, Environmental, and Rural Sciences, Aberystwyth University, Gogerddan Campus, Aberystwyth SY23 3EE, UK
3
Natural Products Research Centre of Excellence (NatPro-AUTh), Center of Interdisciplinary Research and Innovation of Aristotle University of Thessaloniki (CIRI-AUTh), 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
†
Current Address: Respiratory and Immunology Biology Unit, T Cell Immunology Group, GSK Medicines Research Centre, Gunnels Wood Road, Stevenage, Hertfordshire SG1 2NY, UK.
‡
Current Address: Laboratory of Plant Breeding and Biometry, Department of Crop Sciences, Agricultural University of Athens, 11855 Athens, Greece.
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2024, 25(12), 6757; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms25126757
Submission received: 22 May 2024 / Revised: 10 June 2024 / Accepted: 12 June 2024 / Published: 19 June 2024
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Transcriptional Regulation in Plant Development: 2nd Edition)
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Abstract

Histone acetyltransferases (HATs) modify the amino-terminal tails of the core histone proteins via acetylation, regulating chromatin structure and transcription. GENERAL CONTROL NON-DEREPRESSIBLE 5 (GCN5) is a HAT that specifically acetylates H3K14 residues. GCN5 has been associated with cell division and differentiation, meristem function, root, stem, foliar, and floral development, and plant environmental response. The flowers of gcn5 plants display a reduced stamen length and exhibit male sterility relative to the wild-type plants. We show that these effects may arise from gibberellin (GA)-signaling defects. The signaling pathway of bioactive GAs depends on the proteolysis of their repressors, DELLA proteins. The repressor GA (RGA) DELLA protein represses plant growth, inflorescence, and flower and seed development. Our molecular data indicate that GCN5 is required for the activation and H3K14 acetylation of genes involved in the late stages of GA biosynthesis and catabolism. We studied the genetic interaction of the RGA and GCN5; the RGA can partially suppress GCN5 action during the whole plant life cycle. The reduced elongation of the stamen filament of gcn5–6 mutants is reversed in the rga–t2;gcn5–6 double mutants. RGAs suppress the GCN5 effect on the gene expression and histone acetylation of GA catabolism and GA signaling. Interestingly, the RGA and RGL2 do not suppress ADA2b function, suggesting that ADA2b acts downstream of GA signaling and is distinct from GCN5 activity. In conclusion, we propose that the action of GCN5 on stamen elongation is partially mediated by RGA and GA signaling.
Keywords: histone acetylation; plant development; stamen elongation; gibberellin; GCN5; ADA2b; RGA; DELLA; Arabidopsis; gibberellin biosynthesis histone acetylation; plant development; stamen elongation; gibberellin; GCN5; ADA2b; RGA; DELLA; Arabidopsis; gibberellin biosynthesis

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MDPI and ACS Style

Balouri, C.; Poulios, S.; Tsompani, D.; Spyropoulou, Z.; Ketikoglou, M.-C.; Kaldis, A.; Doonan, J.H.; Vlachonasios, K.E. Gibberellin Signaling through RGA Suppresses GCN5 Effects on Arabidopsis Developmental Stages. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2024, 25, 6757. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms25126757

AMA Style

Balouri C, Poulios S, Tsompani D, Spyropoulou Z, Ketikoglou M-C, Kaldis A, Doonan JH, Vlachonasios KE. Gibberellin Signaling through RGA Suppresses GCN5 Effects on Arabidopsis Developmental Stages. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2024; 25(12):6757. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms25126757

Chicago/Turabian Style

Balouri, Christina, Stylianos Poulios, Dimitra Tsompani, Zoe Spyropoulou, Maria-Christina Ketikoglou, Athanasios Kaldis, John H. Doonan, and Konstantinos E. Vlachonasios. 2024. "Gibberellin Signaling through RGA Suppresses GCN5 Effects on Arabidopsis Developmental Stages" International Journal of Molecular Sciences 25, no. 12: 6757. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms25126757

APA Style

Balouri, C., Poulios, S., Tsompani, D., Spyropoulou, Z., Ketikoglou, M.-C., Kaldis, A., Doonan, J. H., & Vlachonasios, K. E. (2024). Gibberellin Signaling through RGA Suppresses GCN5 Effects on Arabidopsis Developmental Stages. International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 25(12), 6757. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms25126757

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