Susceptibility to Pentylenetetrazole-Induced Seizures in Mice with Distinct Activity of the Endogenous Opioid System
Abstract
:1. Introduction
Current Pharmacotherapy of Epilepsy and Its Relationship with Opioid Signaling
2. Results
2.1. Susceptibility of HA and LA Mice to the Proconvulsive Activity of PTZ (Acute Administration)
2.2. Effect of Opioid Receptor Blockage on Acute PTZ-Induced Seizures in HA and LA Mice
2.3. Effect of Opioid Receptor Agonists and Diazepam on Acute PTZ-Induced Seizures in HA and LA Mice
2.4. Modulation of the Anticonvulsive Effect of Diazepam by Naloxone in HA and LA Mice Acutely Treated with PTZ
2.5. Susceptibility of HA and LA Mice to PTZ-Kindled Seizures
2.5.1. The Effect of Chronic Naloxone Treatment in HA and LA Mice Kindled with PTZ
2.5.2. Effect of Chronic Morphine Treatment on the Proconvulsive Effect of Repeated PTZ Administration in HA and LA Mice
3. Discussion
4. Material and Methods
4.1. Animal Housing and Selection Procedure
4.2. Drugs
4.3. Study Design
4.4. Acute Treatment with PTZ
4.5. PTZ Kindling
4.6. Assessment of Seizure Intensity
4.7. Statistical Analysis
Supplementary Materials
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Ruszczak, A.; Poznański, P.; Leśniak, A.; Łazarczyk, M.; Skiba, D.; Nawrocka, A.; Gaweł, K.; Paszkiewicz, J.; Mickael, M.-E.; Sacharczuk, M. Susceptibility to Pentylenetetrazole-Induced Seizures in Mice with Distinct Activity of the Endogenous Opioid System. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2024, 25, 6978. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms25136978
Ruszczak A, Poznański P, Leśniak A, Łazarczyk M, Skiba D, Nawrocka A, Gaweł K, Paszkiewicz J, Mickael M-E, Sacharczuk M. Susceptibility to Pentylenetetrazole-Induced Seizures in Mice with Distinct Activity of the Endogenous Opioid System. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2024; 25(13):6978. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms25136978
Chicago/Turabian StyleRuszczak, Anna, Piotr Poznański, Anna Leśniak, Marzena Łazarczyk, Dominik Skiba, Agata Nawrocka, Kinga Gaweł, Justyna Paszkiewicz, Michel-Edwar Mickael, and Mariusz Sacharczuk. 2024. "Susceptibility to Pentylenetetrazole-Induced Seizures in Mice with Distinct Activity of the Endogenous Opioid System" International Journal of Molecular Sciences 25, no. 13: 6978. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms25136978