Gut Microbiota Mediate Plutella xylostella Susceptibility to Bt Cry1Ac Protoxin and Exopolysaccharides
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Results
2.1. Illumina HiSeq Data
2.2. Alpha Diversity-Based Comparison in Different Treatments
2.3. Beta Diversity-Based Comparison in Different Treatments
2.4. Taxonomy-Based Analysis in Different Treatments
2.5. Relative Abundance of 16S rRNA of B. campestris Chloroplast in Different Treatments
2.6. Analysis of Co-Occurrence Network
2.7. Effect of Gut Bacteria on Axenic P. xylostella Larval Susceptibility to Cry1Ac Protoxin
3. Discussion
4. Materials and Methods
4.1. Insect Rearing and Gut Sampling Preparation
4.2. DNA Extraction
4.3. 16S rRNA Gene Sequencing
4.4. Analysis of 16S rRNA Sequencing Results
4.5. Isolation of Gut Microorganisms of P. xylostella
4.6. The Preparation of Axenic P. xylostella
4.7. The Role of Gut Microorganisms in the Insecticidal Activity of Cry1Ac Protoxin
5. Conclusions
Supplementary Materials
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Family | CK (Mean) | CK (Sd) | E (Mean) | E (Sd) | p-Value |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Muribaculaceae | 0.005589 | 0.008732 | 0.028923 | 0.028430 | 0.037373 |
Brevibacteriaceae | 0.002469 | 0.002454 | 0.006880 | 0.003438 | 0.024975 |
Xanthobacteraceae | 0.001177 | 0.002144 | 0.006622 | 0.005788 | 0.016309 |
Sedimenticolaceae | 0.000774 | 0.001890 | 0.006093 | 0.014833 | 0.037373 |
k_Bacteria | 0.001186 | 0.001945 | 0.005964 | 0.004955 | 0.024975 |
Alphaproteobacteria | 0.000071 | 0.000153 | 0.005247 | 0.006150 | 0.006485 |
Christensenellaceae | 0.000060 | 0.000045 | 0.002817 | 0.004417 | 0.037373 |
Gaiellales | 0.000341 | 0.000569 | 0.002674 | 0.002219 | 0.016309 |
Akkermansiaceae | 0.000356 | 0.000596 | 0.002365 | 0.002183 | 0.010406 |
Marinifilaceae | 0.000392 | 0.000851 | 0.002056 | 0.002072 | 0.037373 |
Genus | CK (Mean) | CK (Sd) | E (Mean) | E (Sd) | p-Value |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Muribaculaceae | 0.00557272 | 0.0087408 | 0.0288853 | 0.0283852 | 0.037373 |
Brevibacterium | 0.002468638 | 0.0024539 | 0.00688 | 0.0034382 | 0.0249747 |
k_Bacteria | 0.001186131 | 0.0019448 | 0.0059637 | 0.0049554 | 0.0249747 |
Sedimenticola | 0.000543375 | 0.0013241 | 0.0058379 | 0.0142074 | 0.037373 |
Alphaproteobacteria | 0.0000707 | 0.000153 | 0.0052466 | 0.0061503 | 0.0064853 |
Ralstonia | 0.00000236 | 0.00000577 | 0.0043674 | 0.0085537 | 0.0039478 |
Xanthobacteraceae | 0.000847237 | 0.0018564 | 0.0038452 | 0.0025643 | 0.037373 |
Coprostanoligenes_group | 0.000803038 | 0.0013656 | 0.0031622 | 0.0017596 | 0.037373 |
Christensenellaceae_R-7_group | 0.0000485 | 0.0000315 | 0.0028147 | 0.0044185 | 0.037373 |
Desulfobacteraceae | 0 | 0 | 0.0026747 | 0.0065158 | 0.0163092 |
Network Properties | CK | E | P | EP |
---|---|---|---|---|
Total nodes | 287 | 495 | 291 | 439 |
Total links | 750 | 1487 | 303 | 1236 |
Average path distance | 6.092 | 5.800 | 5.527 | 5.026 |
Average degree | 5.226 | 6.008 | 2.082 | 5.631 |
Average clustering coefficient | 0.291 | 0.321 | 0.109 | 0.242 |
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Wang, M.; Geng, L.; Zhou, J.; Gu, Z.; Xue, B.; Shu, C.; Zhang, J. Gut Microbiota Mediate Plutella xylostella Susceptibility to Bt Cry1Ac Protoxin and Exopolysaccharides. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2024, 25, 8483. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms25158483
Wang M, Geng L, Zhou J, Gu Z, Xue B, Shu C, Zhang J. Gut Microbiota Mediate Plutella xylostella Susceptibility to Bt Cry1Ac Protoxin and Exopolysaccharides. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2024; 25(15):8483. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms25158483
Chicago/Turabian StyleWang, Meiling, Lili Geng, Jinxi Zhou, Ziqiong Gu, Bai Xue, Changlong Shu, and Jie Zhang. 2024. "Gut Microbiota Mediate Plutella xylostella Susceptibility to Bt Cry1Ac Protoxin and Exopolysaccharides" International Journal of Molecular Sciences 25, no. 15: 8483. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms25158483