Opposite Contractile Effects of Amphetamine-Related Hallucinogenic Drugs in the Isolated Human Atrium
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Results
2.1. Effects of DOI, DOM, and Mephedrone Alone
2.2. Effects of DOI, DOM, and Mephedrone after β-Adrenergic Prestimulation
2.3. Mechanisms of DOI, DOM, and Mephedrone
3. Discussion
3.1. Main New Findings
3.2. Mechanism
3.3. Clinical Relevance
3.4. Limitations of the Study
4. Materials and Methods
4.1. Contractile Studies on Human Preparations
4.2. Data Analysis
4.3. Drugs and Materials
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Patient ID | Gender | Age (Years) | NYHA Class | CCS Angina Grading Scale | LVEF (%) | Cardiac Catheterization Findings |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
#1 | m | 83 | III | III | 60 | 3 vessel CHD |
#2 | m | 70 | III | III | 73 | 3 vessel CHD |
#3 | m | 72 | III–IV | IV | 30 | 3 vessel CHD, aortic valve stenosis |
#4 | m | 62 | III | III | 55 | 1 vessel CHD, aortic valve stenosis |
#5 | m | 68 | III | III | 50 | 3 vessel CHD, atrioventricular block III |
#6 | m | 62 | III | III | 60 | 3 vessel CHD |
#7 | m | 65 | III | III | 64 | 3 vessel CHD, AF |
#8 | f | 64 | III | II | 60 | aortic valve stenosis |
#9 | m | 64 | III | III | 55 | 3 vessel CHD, NSTEMI, paroxysmal AF |
#10 | f | 73 | IV | III | 60 | 2 vessel CHD, NSTEMI, aortic valve insufficiency, AF |
#11 | m | 82 | III–IV | III | 60 | 3 vessel CHD, paroxysmal AF |
Mean ± SD | 69.5 ± 7.1 | 57 ± 10 |
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Neumann, J.; Hofmann, B.; Gergs, U. Opposite Contractile Effects of Amphetamine-Related Hallucinogenic Drugs in the Isolated Human Atrium. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2024, 25, 8887. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms25168887
Neumann J, Hofmann B, Gergs U. Opposite Contractile Effects of Amphetamine-Related Hallucinogenic Drugs in the Isolated Human Atrium. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2024; 25(16):8887. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms25168887
Chicago/Turabian StyleNeumann, Joachim, Britt Hofmann, and Ulrich Gergs. 2024. "Opposite Contractile Effects of Amphetamine-Related Hallucinogenic Drugs in the Isolated Human Atrium" International Journal of Molecular Sciences 25, no. 16: 8887. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms25168887