Citrus Flavanone Effects on the Nrf2-Keap1/GSK3/NF-κB/NLRP3 Regulation and Corticotroph-Stress Hormone Loop in the Old Pituitary
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Results
2.1. Treatment with NAR and HES Affects Nrf2 Immunofluorescent Signal, Protein, and Gene Expression in the Old Pituitary
2.2. Treatment with NAR and HES Affects Keap1 Immunofluorescent Signal, Protein, and Gene Expression in the Old Pituitary
2.3. Treatment with NAR and HES Affects Antioxidant Enzyme Gene and Protein Expressions in the Old Pituitary
2.4. Treatment with NAR and HES Affects Collagen Abundance, While Inflammatory Markers Remain Unchanged in the Old Pituitary
2.5. Treatment with NAR and HES Affects NLRP3 Expression in the Old Pituitary
2.6. Treatment with NAR and HES Do Not Affect ACTH Signal Intensity in the Old Pituitary
2.7. Treatment with NAR and HES Affects the Serum Level of Corticosterone but No ACTH Level in Old Rats
3. Discussion
4. Materials and Methods
4.1. Experimental Animals
4.2. Dosage Regimen
4.3. RNA Isolation, cDNA Transcription and Real-Time PCR
4.4. Protein Isolation for Western Blot
4.5. SDS Polyacrylamide Gel Electrophoresis and Western Blot
4.6. Histological Sample Preparation
4.7. Sirius Red Histochemical Staining
4.8. Immunohistochemical Staining of ACTH and NLRP3
4.9. Immunofluorescent Staining of Nrf2 and Keap1
4.10. Image Acquisition
4.11. Concentration of the ACTH and Corticosterone
4.12. Statistical Analysis
5. Conclusions
Supplementary Materials
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Miler, M.; Živanović, J.; Kovačević, S.; Vidović, N.; Djordjevic, A.; Filipović, B.; Ajdžanović, V. Citrus Flavanone Effects on the Nrf2-Keap1/GSK3/NF-κB/NLRP3 Regulation and Corticotroph-Stress Hormone Loop in the Old Pituitary. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2024, 25, 8918. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms25168918
Miler M, Živanović J, Kovačević S, Vidović N, Djordjevic A, Filipović B, Ajdžanović V. Citrus Flavanone Effects on the Nrf2-Keap1/GSK3/NF-κB/NLRP3 Regulation and Corticotroph-Stress Hormone Loop in the Old Pituitary. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2024; 25(16):8918. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms25168918
Chicago/Turabian StyleMiler, Marko, Jasmina Živanović, Sanja Kovačević, Nevena Vidović, Ana Djordjevic, Branko Filipović, and Vladimir Ajdžanović. 2024. "Citrus Flavanone Effects on the Nrf2-Keap1/GSK3/NF-κB/NLRP3 Regulation and Corticotroph-Stress Hormone Loop in the Old Pituitary" International Journal of Molecular Sciences 25, no. 16: 8918. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms25168918