Monitoring Fruit Growth and Development in Apricot (Prunus armeniaca L.) through Gene Expression Analysis
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Results
2.1. Pomological Monitoring of Fruit Development and Ripening
2.2. Monitoring Fruit Quality Traits during Postharvest
2.3. Gene Expression Analysis in Relation to Fruit Development and Ripening
3. Discussion
3.1. Monitoring Fruit Development, Ripening, and Shelf Life
3.2. Analysis of Genes Linked to Fruit Growth and Ripening
3.3. Analysis of Genes Linked to Fruit Color
3.4. Analysis of Genes Linked to the Nutraceutical Properties
4. Materials and Methods
4.1. Plant Material
4.2. Experimental Design and Testing
4.3. Preharvest Analysis
4.4. Postharvest Analysis
4.5. RNA Isolation and Purification
4.6. Gene Expression Analysis Using RT-qPCR
4.7. Data Analysis
5. Conclusions
Supplementary Materials
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Apricot Cultivar | Trait | Mean ± SD | Apricot Cultivar | Trait | Mean ± SD |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
‘Cebas Red’ | Ripening date | 130 | ‘Orange Red’ | Ripening date | 153 |
Fruit weight | 63.03 ± 6.77 | Fruit weight | 61.04 ± 6.39 | ||
IAD | 0.31 ± 0.13 | IAD | 0.95 ± 0.23 | ||
Skin color | 74.02 ± 3.39 | Skin color | 77.05 ± 2.97 | ||
Blush color | 52.80 ± 8.94 | Blush color | 49.87 ± 15.97 | ||
% Blush color | 24.50 ± 13.22 | % Blush color | 25.50 ± 14.42 | ||
Flesh color | 73.93 ± 1.03 | Flesh color | 73.93 ± 2.47 | ||
Firmness | 76.83 ± 15.59 | Firmness | 53.41 ± 7.06 | ||
Ethylene | 0.08 ± 0.01 | Ethylene | 0.33 ± 0.11 | ||
SSC | 7.97 ± 0.06 | SSC | 10.40 ± 0.46 | ||
Acidity | 1.10 ± 0.20 | Acidity | 1.07 ± 0.06 | ||
‘Currot’ | Ripening date | 132 | ‘Goldrich’ | Ripening date | 158 |
Fruit weight | 36.83 ± 5.52 | Fruit weight | 126.63 ± 14.37 | ||
IAD | 0.73 ± 0.18 | IAD | 0.72 ± 0.22 | ||
Skin color | 105.40 ± 2.07 | Skin color | 77.87 ± 1.72 | ||
Blush color | 82.93 ± 8.91 | Blush color | 69.42 ± 4.53 | ||
% Blush color | 10.00 ± 5.27 | % Blush color | 13.00 ± 10.85 | ||
Flesh color | 98.00 ± 3.37 | Flesh color | 72.55 ± 1.19 | ||
Firmness | 108.90 ± 20.57 | Firmness | 73.42 ± 14.41 | ||
Ethylene | 0.11 ± 0.08 | Ethylene | 0.35 ± 0.33 | ||
SSC | 11.07 ± 0.73 | SSC | 10.33 ± 0.06 | ||
Acidity | 1.76 ± 0.15 | Acidity | 2.65 ± 0.34 | ||
‘Rojo Pasión’ | Ripening date | 141 | ‘Deseo’ | Ripening date | 167 |
Fruit weight | 71.39 ± 9.59 | Fruit weight | 65.29 ± 6.58 | ||
IAD | 1.14 ± 0.21 | IAD | 1.16 ± 0.18 | ||
Skin color | 84.01 ± 3.31 | Skin color | 75.05 ± 2.01 | ||
Blush color | 77.12 ± 7.66 | Blush color | 52.80 ± 7.32 | ||
% Blush color | 7.50 ± 4.25 | % Blush color | 17.50 ± 10.34 | ||
Flesh color | 75.94 ± 1.54 | Flesh color | 73.57 ± 1.44 | ||
Firmness | 24.65 ± 10.79 | Firmness | 56.61 ± 8.24 | ||
Ethylene | 32.57 ± 15.69 | Ethylene | 0.27 ± 0.19 | ||
SSC | 9.60 ± 0.75 | SSC | 12.90 ± 0.44 | ||
Acidity | 1.13 ± 0.08 | Acidity | 1.40 ± 0.02 | ||
‘906-12’ | Ripening date | 146 | ‘Bergeron’ | Ripening date | 174 |
Fruit weight | 84.38 ± 5.54 | Fruit weight | 55.66 ± 4.66 | ||
IAD | 0.86 ± 0.08 | IAD | 0.73 ± 0.16 | ||
Skin color | 84.45 ± 2.33 | Skin color | 84.59 ± 3.23 | ||
Blush color | 49.22 ± 10.32 | Blush color | 71.05 ± 8.68 | ||
% Blush color | 27.50 ± 8.90 | % Blush color | 14.50 ± 7.25 | ||
Flesh color | 80.58 ± 1.87 | Flesh color | 75.89 ± 2.37 | ||
Firmness | 67.94 ± 12.19 | Firmness | 42.99 ± 8.26 | ||
Ethylene | 0.36 ± 0.30 | Ethylene | 0.26 ± 0.13 | ||
SSC | 11.03 ± 0.21 | SSC | 10.13 ± 0.47 | ||
Acidity | 1.45 ± 0.08 | Acidity | 1.87 ± 0.14 |
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Ortuño-Hernández, G.; Sánchez, M.; Ruiz, D.; Martínez-Gómez, P.; Salazar, J.A. Monitoring Fruit Growth and Development in Apricot (Prunus armeniaca L.) through Gene Expression Analysis. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2024, 25, 9081. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms25169081
Ortuño-Hernández G, Sánchez M, Ruiz D, Martínez-Gómez P, Salazar JA. Monitoring Fruit Growth and Development in Apricot (Prunus armeniaca L.) through Gene Expression Analysis. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2024; 25(16):9081. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms25169081
Chicago/Turabian StyleOrtuño-Hernández, Germán, María Sánchez, David Ruiz, Pedro Martínez-Gómez, and Juan Alfonso Salazar. 2024. "Monitoring Fruit Growth and Development in Apricot (Prunus armeniaca L.) through Gene Expression Analysis" International Journal of Molecular Sciences 25, no. 16: 9081. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms25169081