Differentiation of Spiral Ganglion Neurons from Human Dental Pulp Stem Cells: A Further Step towards Autologous Auditory Nerve Recovery
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Results
2.1. Differentiation of hDPSC-Derived Early Otic/Placodal Progenitor Cells
2.2. Enrichment of DPSC-Derived Cells Expressing ONP and SGN Early Markers
2.3. AFM Characterization Reveals Similarities between SGNs In Vitro and SGNs In Vivo
2.4. Spiral Ganglion Neurons from Newborn Rats Send Out Neurites That Contact ONPs
3. Discussion
4. Materials and Methods
4.1. Collection of Human Dental Pulp and Culture
4.2. Flow Cytometry
4.3. Multilineage Differentiation of hDPSCs
4.4. Three-Dimensional Floating Sphere Culture Assay
4.5. Cell Proliferation
4.6. Otic Neuronal Induction
4.7. Co-Culture Experiments of ONP Cells and SG Explants
4.8. RNA Processing and qRT-PCR
4.9. Immunocytochemistry and Imaging
4.10. Nanomechanical Characterization by Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM)
5. Conclusions
Supplementary Materials
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
Appendix A
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Messat, Y.; Martin-Fernandez, M.; Assou, S.; Chung, K.; Guérin, F.; Gergely, C.; Cuisinier, F.; Zine, A. Differentiation of Spiral Ganglion Neurons from Human Dental Pulp Stem Cells: A Further Step towards Autologous Auditory Nerve Recovery. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2024, 25, 9115. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms25169115
Messat Y, Martin-Fernandez M, Assou S, Chung K, Guérin F, Gergely C, Cuisinier F, Zine A. Differentiation of Spiral Ganglion Neurons from Human Dental Pulp Stem Cells: A Further Step towards Autologous Auditory Nerve Recovery. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2024; 25(16):9115. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms25169115
Chicago/Turabian StyleMessat, Yassine, Marta Martin-Fernandez, Said Assou, Keshi Chung, Frederic Guérin, Csilla Gergely, Frederic Cuisinier, and Azel Zine. 2024. "Differentiation of Spiral Ganglion Neurons from Human Dental Pulp Stem Cells: A Further Step towards Autologous Auditory Nerve Recovery" International Journal of Molecular Sciences 25, no. 16: 9115. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms25169115