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Open AccessArticle
Photobiomodulation Dose–Response on Adipose-Derived Stem Cell Osteogenesis in 3D Cultures
by
Daniella Da Silva
Daniella Da Silva
,
Anine Crous
Anine Crous
and
Heidi Abrahamse
Heidi Abrahamse *
Laser Research Centre, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Johannesburg, Doornfontein, P.O. Box 17011, Johannesburg 2028, South Africa
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2024, 25(17), 9176; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms25179176 (registering DOI)
Submission received: 19 July 2024
/
Revised: 20 August 2024
/
Accepted: 21 August 2024
/
Published: 23 August 2024
Abstract
Osteoporosis and other degenerative bone diseases pose significant challenges to global healthcare systems due to their prevalence and impact on quality of life. Current treatments often alleviate symptoms without fully restoring damaged bone tissue, highlighting the need for innovative approaches like stem cell therapy. Adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (ADMSCs) are particularly promising due to their accessibility, abundant supply, and strong differentiation potential. However, ADMSCs tend to favor adipogenic pathways, necessitating the use of differentiation inducers (DIs), three-dimensional (3D) hydrogel environments, and photobiomodulation (PBM) to achieve targeted osteogenic differentiation. This study investigated the combined effects of osteogenic DIs, a fast-dextran hydrogel matrix, and PBM at specific wavelengths and fluences on the proliferation and differentiation of immortalized ADMSCs into osteoblasts. Near-infrared (NIR) and green (G) light, as well as their combination, were used with fluences of 3 J/cm2, 5 J/cm2, and 7 J/cm2. The results showed statistically significant increases in alkaline phosphatase levels, a marker of osteogenic differentiation, with G light at 7 J/cm2 demonstrating the most substantial impact on ADMSC differentiation. Calcium deposits, visualized by Alizarin red S staining, appeared as early as 24 h post-treatment in PBM groups, suggesting accelerated osteogenic differentiation. ATP luminescence assays indicated increased proliferation in all experimental groups, particularly with NIR and NIR-G light at 3 J/cm2 and 5 J/cm2. MTT viability and LDH membrane permeability assays confirmed enhanced cell viability and stable cell health, respectively. In conclusion, PBM significantly influences the differentiation and proliferation of hydrogel-embedded immortalized ADMSCs into osteoblast-like cells, with G light at 7 J/cm2 being particularly effective. These findings support the combined use of 3D hydrogel matrices and PBM as a promising approach in regenerative medicine, potentially leading to innovative treatments for degenerative bone diseases.
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MDPI and ACS Style
Silva, D.D.; Crous, A.; Abrahamse, H.
Photobiomodulation Dose–Response on Adipose-Derived Stem Cell Osteogenesis in 3D Cultures. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2024, 25, 9176.
https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms25179176
AMA Style
Silva DD, Crous A, Abrahamse H.
Photobiomodulation Dose–Response on Adipose-Derived Stem Cell Osteogenesis in 3D Cultures. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2024; 25(17):9176.
https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms25179176
Chicago/Turabian Style
Silva, Daniella Da, Anine Crous, and Heidi Abrahamse.
2024. "Photobiomodulation Dose–Response on Adipose-Derived Stem Cell Osteogenesis in 3D Cultures" International Journal of Molecular Sciences 25, no. 17: 9176.
https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms25179176
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