Glucose-Dependent Insulinotropic Polypeptide Inhibits AGE-Induced NADPH Oxidase-Derived Oxidative Stress Generation and Foam Cell Formation in Macrophages Partly via AMPK Activation †
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Results
2.1. Gene Expression of Gipr and Rage in Human Monocyte-Derived U937 Cells
2.2. [D-Ala2]GIP(1–42) Inhibited the AGE-Induced Foam Cell Formation of and Intracellular Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) Generation in Human U937 Cells
2.3. [D-Ala2]GIP(1–42) Inhibited Cdk5 and CD36 Gene Expression Levels in AGE-Exposed U937 Cells
2.4. Correlation of Intracellular ROS Generation with Cdk5 and CD36 Gene Expression, and Association of CD36 mRNA Levels with Dil-ox-LDL Uptake into U937 Cells
3. Discussion
4. Materials and Methods
4.1. Chemical Regents and Materials
4.2. Preparation of AGEs of Bovine Serum Albumin (BSA)
4.3. Cell Culture of U937 Monocyte-Derived Macrophages
4.4. Measurement of Fluorescence Intensity of Dil-ox-LDL and ROS Generation in U937 Cells
4.5. Quantitative Real-Time Reverse Transcription–Polymerase Chain Reaction (RT-PCR)
4.6. Statistical Analysis
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Terasaki, M.; Yashima, H.; Mori, Y.; Saito, T.; Inoue, N.; Matsui, T.; Osaka, N.; Fujikawa, T.; Ohara, M.; Yamagishi, S.-i. Glucose-Dependent Insulinotropic Polypeptide Inhibits AGE-Induced NADPH Oxidase-Derived Oxidative Stress Generation and Foam Cell Formation in Macrophages Partly via AMPK Activation. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2024, 25, 9724. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms25179724
Terasaki M, Yashima H, Mori Y, Saito T, Inoue N, Matsui T, Osaka N, Fujikawa T, Ohara M, Yamagishi S-i. Glucose-Dependent Insulinotropic Polypeptide Inhibits AGE-Induced NADPH Oxidase-Derived Oxidative Stress Generation and Foam Cell Formation in Macrophages Partly via AMPK Activation. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2024; 25(17):9724. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms25179724
Chicago/Turabian StyleTerasaki, Michishige, Hironori Yashima, Yusaku Mori, Tomomi Saito, Naoto Inoue, Takanori Matsui, Naoya Osaka, Tomoki Fujikawa, Makoto Ohara, and Sho-ichi Yamagishi. 2024. "Glucose-Dependent Insulinotropic Polypeptide Inhibits AGE-Induced NADPH Oxidase-Derived Oxidative Stress Generation and Foam Cell Formation in Macrophages Partly via AMPK Activation" International Journal of Molecular Sciences 25, no. 17: 9724. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms25179724