Untargeted Metabolomics Approach for the Discovery of Salinity-Related Alkaloids in a Stony Coral-Derived Fungus Aspergillus terreus
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Results
2.1. Morphological Comparison
2.2. Comparison of TLC Fingerprints and HPLC
2.3. Biological Activities of Crude Extracts
2.4. LC-MS/MS Based Data Statistical Analysis
2.5. LC-MS/MS-Based MSDIAL Analysis and FBMN Networking
3. Discussion
4. Materials and Methods
4.1. Materials and Chemicals
4.2. Fermentation and Extraction for OSMAC Approach
4.3. TLC and HPLC Analyses
4.4. AChE Inhibitory Activity Assay
4.5. DPPH Free Radical Scavenging Assay
4.6. Antibacterial Assay
4.7. LC-MS Analyses
4.8. Data Processing and Statistical Analysis
4.9. FBMN Analysis
4.10. Annotation of MS Features
Supplementary Materials
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Sample Number | IC50/(μg/mL) | Inhibition (%) b |
---|---|---|
G1 | 5.2 ± 0.6 | 72.6 ± 0.5 |
G2 | 32.4 ± 1.2 | 15.0 ± 1.1 |
G3 | 52.3 ± 0.9 | 12.3 ± 1.2 |
G4 | 0.5 ± 0.7 | 71.9 ± 0.3 |
G5 | 0.4 ± 0.8 | 73.2 ± 1.5 |
G6 | 0.7 ± 0.1 | 80.6 ± 1.4 |
Donepezil hydrochloride a | 0.2 ± 0.1 | 99.1 ± 2.0 |
Sample Number | EC50/(μg/mL) | Inhibition (%) b |
---|---|---|
G1 | 57.2 ± 0.8 | 90.7 ± 1.2 |
G2 | 183.2 ± 0.6 | 76.0 ± 0.8 |
G3 | 352.3 ± 1.1 | 52.0 ± 1.2 |
G4 | 36.5 ± 0.9 | 91.7 ± 1.5 |
G5 | 31.7 ± 0.7 | 93.9 ± 0.6 |
G6 | 88.8 ± 1.2 | 90.1 ± 1.9 |
Ascorbic acid a | 7.2 ± 0.2 | 97.1 ± 1.1 |
Sample Number | MRSA | Pseud omonus aeruginosa | Vibrio parahaemo lyticus | Vibrio alginol yticus | Shewanella putrefaciens | Bacillus subtilis |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
G1 | 14.0 ± 0.6 | 13.0 ± 0.3 | 13.0 ± 0.5 | 13.0 ± 0.2 | 10.0 ± 0.7 | 14.0 ± 0.2 |
G2 | - | - | - | - | - | - |
G3 | - | - | - | - | - | - |
G4 | 10.5 ± 0.2 | 13.0 ± 0.6 | 13.0 ± 0.5 | 15.5 ± 0.2 | 11.3 ± 0.3 | 13.5 ± 0.6 |
G5 | 14.0 ± 0.6 | 13.0 ± 0.7 | 13.0 ± 0.2 | 18.0 ± 0.5 | 13.0 ± 0.5 | 14.0 ± 0.7 |
G6 | - | - | - | - | - | - |
Ampicillin a | 14.0 ± 0.8 | 19.0 ± 0.5 | 24.0 ± 0.7 | 19.0 ± 0.6 | 16.0 ± 0.9 | 18.0 ± 0.2 |
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Liu, Y.; Wang, L.; Feng, Y.; Liao, Q.; Lei, X.; Hu, X.; Zhou, L.; Zhang, Y. Untargeted Metabolomics Approach for the Discovery of Salinity-Related Alkaloids in a Stony Coral-Derived Fungus Aspergillus terreus. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2024, 25, 10544. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms251910544
Liu Y, Wang L, Feng Y, Liao Q, Lei X, Hu X, Zhou L, Zhang Y. Untargeted Metabolomics Approach for the Discovery of Salinity-Related Alkaloids in a Stony Coral-Derived Fungus Aspergillus terreus. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2024; 25(19):10544. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms251910544
Chicago/Turabian StyleLiu, Yayue, Li Wang, Yunkai Feng, Qingnan Liao, Xiaoling Lei, Xueqiong Hu, Longjian Zhou, and Yi Zhang. 2024. "Untargeted Metabolomics Approach for the Discovery of Salinity-Related Alkaloids in a Stony Coral-Derived Fungus Aspergillus terreus" International Journal of Molecular Sciences 25, no. 19: 10544. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms251910544