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Article

Dynamics of CD4+ and CD8+ Lymphocytic Inflammatory Infiltrates in Lupus Nephritis

by
Tudor Azoicăi
1,2,
Elena-Roxana Avădănei
2,*,
Simona-Eliza Giusca
2,3,
Mihai Onofriescu
4,5,
Adrian C. Covic
4,5,6,
Cristina Gena Dascalu
7 and
Irina-Draga Căruntu
2,3,6
1
Service de Rheumatology, CHU Helora, Avenue B. de Constantinople no. 5, 7000 Mons, Belgium
2
Department of Morpho-Functional Sciences I—Histology, Pathology, “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 16 University Street, 700115 Iași, Romania
3
Department of Pathology, “Dr. C. I. Parhon” Clinical Hospital, 50 Carol I Boulevard, 700503 Iași, Romania
4
Department of Internal Medicine—Nephrology, “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 16 University Street, 700115 Iași, Romania
5
Department of Nephrology, Dialysis and Renal Transplant Center, “Dr. C. I. Parhon” Clinical Hospital, 50 Carol I Boulevard, 700503 Iași, Romania
6
Romanian Medical Science Academy, 1 I.C. Bratianu Boulevard, 030171 Bucharest, Romania
7
Department of Preventive Medicine and Interdisciplinarity—Medical Informatics and Biostatistics, “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 16 University Street, 700115 Iași, Romania
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2024, 25(19), 10775; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms251910775
Submission received: 10 August 2024 / Revised: 1 October 2024 / Accepted: 4 October 2024 / Published: 7 October 2024
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Immunopathogenesis and Novel Therapeutics Strategies of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus 2.0)
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Abstract

Lupus nephritis (LN) is a common clinical manifestation of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Our study aims to quantitatively analyze CD4+ and CD8+ lymphocytes in different areas and LN classes and describe a specific distribution pattern that is correlated with the severity of LN-specific lesions. In total, 53 LN renal biopsies were immunohistochemically investigated using anti-CD4 and anti-CD8 antibodies. T lymphocytes were counted in 3 areas, including intraglomerular, periglomerular, and interstitial regions. The severity of glomerular and tubulo-interstitial lesions was assessed using an original semi-quantitative algorithm based on the renal corpuscle score (RC_S) and the tubulo-interstitial score (TI_S). The number of CD8+ T lymphocytes was higher than that of CD4+ T lymphocytes in each of the three areas and in each LN class, showing statistically significant differences. ANOVA analysis of all LN classes showed significant differences between periglomerular and interstitial CD4+ and CD8+ T lymphocytes, respectively. Irrespective of location, the number of CD8+ T lymphocytes statistically correlates with the RC_S and the TI_S; no significant correlations were found between the number of CD4+ T lymphocytes and the RC_S and the TI_S for all three considered areas. Our data provide strong evidence supporting the major role of CD8+ lymphocytes in LN lesion progression, with CD4+ lymphocytes playing a limited role.
Keywords: lupus nephritis; CD4+ lymphocytes; CD8+ lymphocytes; systemic lupus erythematosus; SLE pathogenesis lupus nephritis; CD4+ lymphocytes; CD8+ lymphocytes; systemic lupus erythematosus; SLE pathogenesis

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MDPI and ACS Style

Azoicăi, T.; Avădănei, E.-R.; Giusca, S.-E.; Onofriescu, M.; Covic, A.C.; Dascalu, C.G.; Căruntu, I.-D. Dynamics of CD4+ and CD8+ Lymphocytic Inflammatory Infiltrates in Lupus Nephritis. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2024, 25, 10775. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms251910775

AMA Style

Azoicăi T, Avădănei E-R, Giusca S-E, Onofriescu M, Covic AC, Dascalu CG, Căruntu I-D. Dynamics of CD4+ and CD8+ Lymphocytic Inflammatory Infiltrates in Lupus Nephritis. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2024; 25(19):10775. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms251910775

Chicago/Turabian Style

Azoicăi, Tudor, Elena-Roxana Avădănei, Simona-Eliza Giusca, Mihai Onofriescu, Adrian C. Covic, Cristina Gena Dascalu, and Irina-Draga Căruntu. 2024. "Dynamics of CD4+ and CD8+ Lymphocytic Inflammatory Infiltrates in Lupus Nephritis" International Journal of Molecular Sciences 25, no. 19: 10775. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms251910775

APA Style

Azoicăi, T., Avădănei, E.-R., Giusca, S.-E., Onofriescu, M., Covic, A. C., Dascalu, C. G., & Căruntu, I.-D. (2024). Dynamics of CD4+ and CD8+ Lymphocytic Inflammatory Infiltrates in Lupus Nephritis. International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 25(19), 10775. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms251910775

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