High-Voltage Electrostatic Field Hydrogel Microsphere 3D Culture System Improves Viability and Liver-like Properties of HepG2 Cells
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Results
2.1. Regulation of Microsphere Size
2.2. Generating Material with Differential Pore Sizes
2.3. Bioactivity of Sodium Alginate
2.4. Collagen Promotes Cell Proliferation in Hydrogels
2.5. Differences in Hepatocyte Proliferation Rates in Different Culture Models
2.6. Biotransformation Activity
2.7. Albumin Secretion and Urea Synthesis
2.8. Drug Sensitivity Analysis
2.9. Cell Viability in Different 3D Models
2.10. RNA-Seq Analysis
3. Discussion
4. Materials and Methods
4.1. Microsphere Generation Device
4.2. Parameters for Microsphere Preparation
4.3. The Freeze-Drying Process used for Generating Material with Different Pore Sizes
4.4. Preparation of Bioactive Hydrogels
4.5. Analyzing the Bioactivity of Different Sodium Alginate Solutions
4.6. Hydrogel Formulation Selection Based on Cell Bioactivity
4.7. Establishment of 3D Hepatocyte Models
4.8. Cell Proliferation Assay
4.9. CYP Activity Assays
4.10. UGTs’ Activity Assay
4.11. Albumin and Urea Secretion Assays
4.12. Drug Sensitivity Analysis
4.13. Cell Viability Assay
4.14. RNA-Seq Analysis
4.15. Statistical Analysis
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Liu, Y.; Ge, Y.; Wu, Y.; Feng, Y.; Liu, H.; Cao, W.; Xie, J.; Zhang, J. High-Voltage Electrostatic Field Hydrogel Microsphere 3D Culture System Improves Viability and Liver-like Properties of HepG2 Cells. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2024, 25, 1081. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms25021081
Liu Y, Ge Y, Wu Y, Feng Y, Liu H, Cao W, Xie J, Zhang J. High-Voltage Electrostatic Field Hydrogel Microsphere 3D Culture System Improves Viability and Liver-like Properties of HepG2 Cells. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2024; 25(2):1081. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms25021081
Chicago/Turabian StyleLiu, Yi, Yang Ge, Yanfan Wu, Yongtong Feng, Han Liu, Wei Cao, Jinsong Xie, and Jingzhong Zhang. 2024. "High-Voltage Electrostatic Field Hydrogel Microsphere 3D Culture System Improves Viability and Liver-like Properties of HepG2 Cells" International Journal of Molecular Sciences 25, no. 2: 1081. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms25021081