Disruption of the Arabidopsis Acyl-Activating Enzyme 3 Impairs Seed Coat Mucilage Accumulation and Seed Germination
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Results and Discussion
2.1. Disruption of AAE3 Reduces Seed Germination and Mucilage Accumulation
2.2. Disruption of AAE3 Reduces Mucilage-Related Gene Expression
2.3. Disruption of AAE3 Reduces Mucilage Regulatory Gene Expression
2.4. An Increase in Oxalate Accumulation Affects Seed Coat Development, but Not Mucilage Accumulation
2.5. AAE3 Is Critical for Seed Mucilage Accumulation
3. Materials and Methods
3.1. Reagents
3.2. Plant Materials and Growth Conditions
3.3. Dry Seed Mucilage Extraction and Measurement
3.4. Analysis of Seed Phenotypes
3.5. Microscopic Analysis of Calcium Oxalate Crystal in Arabidopsis Leaves
3.6. Oxalate Measurements
3.7. RNA Isolation, cDNA Synthesis, and qRT-PCR Analysis
3.8. Statistical Analysis
Supplementary Materials
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Cheng, N.; Nakata, P.A. Disruption of the Arabidopsis Acyl-Activating Enzyme 3 Impairs Seed Coat Mucilage Accumulation and Seed Germination. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2024, 25, 1149. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms25021149
Cheng N, Nakata PA. Disruption of the Arabidopsis Acyl-Activating Enzyme 3 Impairs Seed Coat Mucilage Accumulation and Seed Germination. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2024; 25(2):1149. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms25021149
Chicago/Turabian StyleCheng, Ninghui, and Paul A. Nakata. 2024. "Disruption of the Arabidopsis Acyl-Activating Enzyme 3 Impairs Seed Coat Mucilage Accumulation and Seed Germination" International Journal of Molecular Sciences 25, no. 2: 1149. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms25021149