Renin–Angiotensin Inhibitor, Captopril, Attenuates Growth of Patient-Derived Colorectal Liver Metastasis Organoids
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Results
2.1. Patient-Derived Organoids Generated from Three Patients with Colorectal Liver Metastasis
2.2. Patient #1
2.3. Patient #2
2.4. Patient #3
3. Discussion
4. Materials and Methods
4.1. Human Ethics
4.2. Patient Data
4.3. Establishing CRLM Organoids
4.4. Dosing Calculations
4.5. Organoid Cell Viability Assay
4.6. Immunofluorescence Confocal Microscopy
4.7. Reverse Transcriptase–Quantitative Polymerase Chain Reaction (RT-qPCR)
4.8. Statistical Analysis
5. Conclusions
Supplementary Materials
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Patient | Age | Gender | CRC Stage * | Metachronous (M) or Synchronous (S) Lesion | Final Histopathology ^ | MMR | KRAS | BRAF | Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy # |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
#1 | 49 | F | T3N1 | M | Moderately differentiated adenocarcinoma, CRC metastasis | Proficient | WT | WT | No (adjuvant FOLFOX) |
#2 | 75 | F | T2N1 | M | Moderately differentiated adenocarcinoma, CRC metastasis | Proficient | WT | ◊ | FOLFOX (6 cycles) |
#3 | 58 | M | T4N1 | S | Moderately differentiated adenocarcinoma, CRC metastasis | Proficient | Mutant | WT | FOLFIRI (12 cycles) |
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Riddiough, G.E.; Fifis, T.; Muralidharan, V.; Christophi, C.; Tran, B.M.; Perini, M.V.; Vincan, E. Renin–Angiotensin Inhibitor, Captopril, Attenuates Growth of Patient-Derived Colorectal Liver Metastasis Organoids. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2024, 25, 3282. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms25063282
Riddiough GE, Fifis T, Muralidharan V, Christophi C, Tran BM, Perini MV, Vincan E. Renin–Angiotensin Inhibitor, Captopril, Attenuates Growth of Patient-Derived Colorectal Liver Metastasis Organoids. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2024; 25(6):3282. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms25063282
Chicago/Turabian StyleRiddiough, Georgina E., Theodora Fifis, Vijayaragavan Muralidharan, Christopher Christophi, Bang M. Tran, Marcos V. Perini, and Elizabeth Vincan. 2024. "Renin–Angiotensin Inhibitor, Captopril, Attenuates Growth of Patient-Derived Colorectal Liver Metastasis Organoids" International Journal of Molecular Sciences 25, no. 6: 3282. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms25063282