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Article

Integrative Targeted Metabolomics and Transcriptomics Reveal the Mechanism of Leaf Coloration in Impatiens hawkeri ‘Sakimp005’

by
Jia-Qi He
†,
Dou-Cheng Yu
†,
Si-Yu Ren
,
Xiao-Li Zhang
,
Xin-Yi Li
,
Mei-Juan Huang
* and
Hai-Quan Huang
*
Research and Development Center of Landscape Plants and Horticulture Flowers, Yunnan Engineering Research Center for Functional Flower Resources and Industrialization, Southwest Research Center for Engineering Technology of Landscape Architecture (State Forestry and Grassland Administration), College of Landscape Architecture and Horticulture Sciences, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming 650224, China
*
Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed.
†
These authors contributed equally to this work.
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2025, 26(1), 174; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms26010174
Submission received: 25 November 2024 / Revised: 24 December 2024 / Accepted: 26 December 2024 / Published: 28 December 2024
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Plant Metabolomics: Uncovering the Hidden World of Plant Secondary Metabolites)
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Abstract

One of the most important characteristics of ornamental plants is leaf color, which enhances the color of plant landscapes and attracts pollinators for reproduction. The leaves of Impatiens hawkeri ‘Sakimp005’ are initially green, then the middle part appears yellow, then gradually become white, while the edge remains green. In the study, leaves of I. hawkeri ‘Sakimp005’, in four developmental stages (S1-G, S2-C, S3-C, and S4-C), were selected for the determination of pigment content, chromaticity values, integrative metabolomics, and transcriptomics analyses. The carotenoid content of leaves varied significantly and regularly at four stages, and the colorimetric values corroborated the phenotypic observations. The results of integrative metabolomics and transcriptomics analysis show that the accumulation of two carotenoids (lutein and zeaxanthin), to different degrees in the leaves of I. hawkeri ‘Sakimp005’ at four stages, led to the vary yellowing phenomenon. We speculated that the carotenoid biosynthesis (containing two branches: α-branch and β-branch) in leaves by IhLUT1 and IhLUT5 in the α-branch and IhBCH2 genes in the β-branch differed. These findings provide a molecular basis for Impatiens plants’ leaf color breeding and improve the knowledge of the leaf color mechanism.
Keywords: leaf color; Impatiens hawkeri ‘Sakimp005’; carotenoids; targeted metabolomics; transcriptomics leaf color; Impatiens hawkeri ‘Sakimp005’; carotenoids; targeted metabolomics; transcriptomics

Share and Cite

MDPI and ACS Style

He, J.-Q.; Yu, D.-C.; Ren, S.-Y.; Zhang, X.-L.; Li, X.-Y.; Huang, M.-J.; Huang, H.-Q. Integrative Targeted Metabolomics and Transcriptomics Reveal the Mechanism of Leaf Coloration in Impatiens hawkeri ‘Sakimp005’. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2025, 26, 174. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms26010174

AMA Style

He J-Q, Yu D-C, Ren S-Y, Zhang X-L, Li X-Y, Huang M-J, Huang H-Q. Integrative Targeted Metabolomics and Transcriptomics Reveal the Mechanism of Leaf Coloration in Impatiens hawkeri ‘Sakimp005’. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2025; 26(1):174. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms26010174

Chicago/Turabian Style

He, Jia-Qi, Dou-Cheng Yu, Si-Yu Ren, Xiao-Li Zhang, Xin-Yi Li, Mei-Juan Huang, and Hai-Quan Huang. 2025. "Integrative Targeted Metabolomics and Transcriptomics Reveal the Mechanism of Leaf Coloration in Impatiens hawkeri ‘Sakimp005’" International Journal of Molecular Sciences 26, no. 1: 174. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms26010174

APA Style

He, J.-Q., Yu, D.-C., Ren, S.-Y., Zhang, X.-L., Li, X.-Y., Huang, M.-J., & Huang, H.-Q. (2025). Integrative Targeted Metabolomics and Transcriptomics Reveal the Mechanism of Leaf Coloration in Impatiens hawkeri ‘Sakimp005’. International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 26(1), 174. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms26010174

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