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Volume 15
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10.3390/d15040505
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Article

Immersion Time Determines Performance of Artificial Habitats in Commercial Harbours by Changing Biodiversity of Colonising Invertebrate Assemblages

by
Alix Varenne
1,2,*,†,
Laura E. Richardson
3,4,*,†,
Andrew N. Radford
5,
Francesca Rossi
1,6,
Gilles Lecaillon
2,
Anaïs Gudefin
2,
Lucas Bérenger
7,
Etienne Abadie
2,
Pierre Boissery
8,
Philippe Lenfant
9 and
Stephen D. Simpson
3,5
1
Centre National de Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Côte d’Azur, ECOSEAS UMR 7035, Parc Valrose, 06108 Nice, France
2
Ecocean SAS, 1342 Avenue du Toulouse, 34070 Montpellier, France
3
Biosciences, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Exeter, Geoffrey Pope, Stocker Road, Exeter EX4 4QD, UK
4
School of Ocean Sciences, Bangor University, Askew St, Menai Bridge LL59 5AB, UK
5
School of Biological Sciences, University of Bristol, 24 Tyndall Avenue, Bristol BS8 1TQ, UK
6
Department of Integrative Marine Ecology (EMI), Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn—National Institute of Marine Biology, Ecology and Biotechnologies, Genoa Marine Centre, Villa del Principe, Piazza del Principe 4, 16126 Genoa, Italy
7
Biotope, 22 Boulevard Maréchal Foch, 34140 Mèze, France
8
Agence de l’Eau Rhône Méditerranée Corse—Délégation Paca Corse, Immeuble Le Noailles, 62 La Canebière, 13001 Marseille, France
9
Centre de Formation et de Recherche sur les Environnements Méditerranéens, UMR 5110, Université de Perpignan Via Domitia, 66860 Perpignan, France
*
Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed.
†
These authors contributed equally to this work.
Diversity 2023, 15(4), 505; https://doi.org/10.3390/d15040505
Submission received: 2 February 2023 / Revised: 27 March 2023 / Accepted: 29 March 2023 / Published: 1 April 2023
(This article belongs to the Section Marine Diversity)
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Abstract

In highly modified coastal environments, such as commercial harbours, the installation of artificial habitats has garnered support as a means of enhancing local biological recruitment and connectivity. The success of these measures depends largely on the patterns of species colonisation. Using post-installation monitoring data, we compared the composition of assemblages of invertebrates colonising artificial habitats that were immersed for different periods (~6 vs. ~18 months) in three commercial harbours along the French Mediterranean coast. The artificial habitats were colonised by taxonomically diverse invertebrate assemblages of ecological and economic importance, including molluscs, crustaceans, and echinoids. Composition differed significantly with the immersion time of the artificial habitats, with total abundance, species richness, and evenness being significantly higher after ~18 than after ~6 months of immersion, indicating that long periods are necessary to enrich these new habitats with economically and ecologically important species. These results can inform restoration protocols and emphasise the value of post-installation monitoring programs.
Keywords: ecological community development; coastal biodiversity; species composition; artificial structures; coastal restoration ecological community development; coastal biodiversity; species composition; artificial structures; coastal restoration

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MDPI and ACS Style

Varenne, A.; Richardson, L.E.; Radford, A.N.; Rossi, F.; Lecaillon, G.; Gudefin, A.; Bérenger, L.; Abadie, E.; Boissery, P.; Lenfant, P.; et al. Immersion Time Determines Performance of Artificial Habitats in Commercial Harbours by Changing Biodiversity of Colonising Invertebrate Assemblages. Diversity 2023, 15, 505. https://doi.org/10.3390/d15040505

AMA Style

Varenne A, Richardson LE, Radford AN, Rossi F, Lecaillon G, Gudefin A, Bérenger L, Abadie E, Boissery P, Lenfant P, et al. Immersion Time Determines Performance of Artificial Habitats in Commercial Harbours by Changing Biodiversity of Colonising Invertebrate Assemblages. Diversity. 2023; 15(4):505. https://doi.org/10.3390/d15040505

Chicago/Turabian Style

Varenne, Alix, Laura E. Richardson, Andrew N. Radford, Francesca Rossi, Gilles Lecaillon, Anaïs Gudefin, Lucas Bérenger, Etienne Abadie, Pierre Boissery, Philippe Lenfant, and et al. 2023. "Immersion Time Determines Performance of Artificial Habitats in Commercial Harbours by Changing Biodiversity of Colonising Invertebrate Assemblages" Diversity 15, no. 4: 505. https://doi.org/10.3390/d15040505

APA Style

Varenne, A., Richardson, L. E., Radford, A. N., Rossi, F., Lecaillon, G., Gudefin, A., Bérenger, L., Abadie, E., Boissery, P., Lenfant, P., & Simpson, S. D. (2023). Immersion Time Determines Performance of Artificial Habitats in Commercial Harbours by Changing Biodiversity of Colonising Invertebrate Assemblages. Diversity, 15(4), 505. https://doi.org/10.3390/d15040505

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