Optical Design of Imaging Spectrometer Based on Linear Variable Filter for Nighttime Light Remote Sensing
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Imaging Principle
3. Optical Specifications
4. Image Plane Illumination Analysis
5. Optical System Design and Optimization
5.1. Initial Optical Structure Design
5.2. Buchdahl Dispersion Model
5.3. Method of Glass Selection for Apochromatic
5.4. Dispersion Vector Analysis and Glass Replacement
5.5. Final System
6. Image Performance and Tolerance Analysis
6.1. Image Performance
6.2. Tolerance Analysis
7. Discussion and Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Parameters | Value |
---|---|
Model Atmosphere | Middle altitude summer |
Water vapor column | 1.0 gm/cm2 |
CO2 Mixing Ratio | 330.0 ppmv |
Aerosol model used | Rural –VIS-23km |
Parameters | Value |
---|---|
Wavelength range | 400–1000 nm |
Focal length | 100 mm |
F-number | 4 |
Field of view | ±21.5° |
MTF | >0.3@118lp/mm |
Distortion | <0.05% |
1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | ||
Glass | H-K51 | H-ZF3 | H-FK71 | H-ZF6 | H-ZBAF21 | H-ZF6 | H-ZPK1A | |
−0.006834 | 0.01047 | −0.00721 | −0.008528 | 0.009377 | −0.006079 | 0.0192 | ||
12.539 | 12.636 | 11.958 | 11.936 | 13.251 | 14.274 | 14.412 | ||
1.5190 | 1.7069 | 1.4542 | 1.7435 | 1.7151 | 1.7435 | 1.6135 | ||
−0.6856 | 1.0666 | −0.6578 | −0.7752 | 1.0505 | −0.7902 | 2.5444 | ||
−0.0549 | −0.0995 | −0.0362 | −0.1060 | −0.0797 | −0.1060 | −0.0509 | ||
−0.0042 | 0.0232 | −0.0041 | 0.0291 | 0.0122 | 0.0291 | −0.0022 | ||
8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | |
Glass | BAF5 | H-ZF72A | H-FK61 | H-ZPK5 | H-F51 | H-QK1 | H-ZF52 | H-ZBAF21 |
−0.02546 | 0.006623 | 0.01426 | 0.0188 | −0.02664 | −0.009781 | 0.009608 | 0.004847 | |
14.252 | 14.664 | 14.754 | 14.298 | 12.628 | 5.836 | 4.816 | 4.321 | |
1.5995 | 1.9027 | 1.4942 | 1.5889 | 1.6317 | 1.4672 | 1.8316 | 1.7151 | |
−3.2995 | 0.9087 | 1.9805 | 2.4522 | −2.7105 | −0.2125 | 0.1422 | 0.0577 | |
−0.0697 | −0.1476 | −0.04 | −0.0465 | −0.0869 | −0.0504 | −0.1201 | −0.0797 | |
0.0087 | 0.0606 | −0.0036 | 0.00017124 | 0.0150 | −0.0126 | 0.0438 | 0.0122 |
1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | ||
Glass | H-K51 | H-ZF3 | H-FK71 | H-ZF6 | H-ZBAF21 | H-ZF6 | H-ZPK1A | |
−0.005773 | 0.009655 | −0.008114 | −0.008616 | 0.01 | −0.003131 | 0.018 | ||
12.637 | 12.660 | 12.289 | 12.447 | 13.773 | 14.137 | 15.779 | ||
1.5190 | 1.7069 | 1.4542 | 1.7435 | 1.7151 | 1.7435 | 1.6135 | ||
−0.5836 | 0.9796 | −0.7757 | −0.8450 | 1.2009 | −0.3961 | 2.8370 | ||
−0.0549 | −0.0995 | −0.0362 | −0.1060 | −0.0797 | −0.1060 | −0.0509 | ||
−0.0042 | 0.0232 | −0.0041 | 0.0291 | 0.0122 | 0.0291 | −0.0022 | ||
8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | |
Glass | TF3 | H-ZF72A | H-FK61 | H-ZPK5 | F7 | H-QK1 | H-ZF52 | H-ZBAF21 |
−0.021 | 0.003113 | 0.013 | 0.016 | −0.023 | −0.009421 | 0.007063 | 0.005341 | |
Yj | 15.490 | 15.556 | 15.581 | 14.938 | 13.025 | 6.211 | 4.738 | 4.298 |
N0 | 1.6062 | 1.9027 | 1.4942 | 1.5889 | 1.6285 | 1.4672 | 1.8316 | 1.7151 |
−3.1897 | 0.4769 | 1.9979 | 2.2602 | −2.4701 | −0.2301 | 0.1004 | 0.0625 | |
−0.0719 | −0.1476 | −0.04 | −0.0465 | −0.0849 | −0.0504 | −0.1201 | −0.0797 | |
−0.0014 | 0.0606 | −0.0036 | 0.00017124 | 0.0163 | −0.0126 | 0.0438 | 0.0122 |
Tolerance Items | Value |
---|---|
Radius (fringes) | 1 |
Thickness (mm) | 0.01 |
Decenter X/Y (mm) | 0.01 |
Tilt X/Y (degrees) | 0.0042 |
S + A irregularity (fringes) | 0.2 |
Index of refraction | 0.0003 |
Abbe number (%) | 0.5 |
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Xie, Y.; Liu, C.; Liu, S.; Fan, X. Optical Design of Imaging Spectrometer Based on Linear Variable Filter for Nighttime Light Remote Sensing. Sensors 2021, 21, 4313. https://doi.org/10.3390/s21134313
Xie Y, Liu C, Liu S, Fan X. Optical Design of Imaging Spectrometer Based on Linear Variable Filter for Nighttime Light Remote Sensing. Sensors. 2021; 21(13):4313. https://doi.org/10.3390/s21134313
Chicago/Turabian StyleXie, Yunqiang, Chunyu Liu, Shuai Liu, and Xinghao Fan. 2021. "Optical Design of Imaging Spectrometer Based on Linear Variable Filter for Nighttime Light Remote Sensing" Sensors 21, no. 13: 4313. https://doi.org/10.3390/s21134313