Study on Temperature Response of Rubberized Concrete Pavement Based on Fiber Bragg Grating Testing Technology
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Objectives and Scope
3. Materials and Experiment Procedure
3.1. Materials
3.2. Pavement Structure
3.3. Sensor Parameters and Layout Scheme
3.4. Experiment Procedure
4. Results and Discussion
4.1. Temperature Field
4.1.1. Temperature Distribution
4.1.2. Temperature Gradient
4.1.3. Statistical Distribution of Temperature Field
4.2. Temperature Strain and Effect
4.2.1. Temperature Strain
4.2.2. Temperature–Strain Effect
- (1)
- Temperature Expansion–contraction Effect
- (2)
- Temperature Curling Effect
4.3. Temperature Stress
5. Conclusions
- (1)
- The daily temperature variation curve of the concrete pavement exhibits significant asymmetry, with the heating phase accounting for only one-third. The addition of rubber particles alters the temperature distribution of concrete pavement. Particularly during the cooling stage, RCP shows a significant “spindle-shaped” characteristic, where the temperature at the middle is higher than those at the top and bottom of the RCP. The positive temperature gradient of RCP is greater than that of OCP, its negative temperature gradient is smaller than that of OCP, and its median temperature gradient is 8.6 °C/m lower than that of OCP. Additionally, the proportions of negative temperature gradients of RCP and OCP are 56.88% and 66.85%, respectively.
- (2)
- The daily strain range at the middle of concrete pavement is greater than that at the bottom, and the addition of rubber particles will increase this phenomenon. Meanwhile, the addition of rubber aggregates makes the temperature–strain hysteresis effect more pronounced, makes the temperature–strain change along the x-axis large, and increases the curling curvature of concrete pavement slab. When the temperature rises by 10 °C, the x-axis strain of RCP is 1.11 times that of OCP. When the temperature gradient increases by 10 °C/m, the curvature change of RCP is about 1.3 times greater than that of OCP.
- (3)
- The addition of rubber particles reduces the daily stress range at the bottom of the concrete pavement, enabling RCP to bear greater temperature loads. Along the x-axis of the pavement, the daily stress range of RCP is 0.73 times that of OCP; along the y-axis of the pavement, the daily stress range of RCP is 0.64 times that of OCP.
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Properties | Specification |
---|---|
Rubber powder size (mesh) | 30–60 |
Organic matter (%) | 67.21 |
Inorganic content (%) | 32.79 |
Contact angle (°) | 0 |
Type | Cement | Water | Rubber Powder | Sand | Aggregate (5–10 mm) | Aggregate (10–19 mm) | Aggregate (19–37.5 mm) | Water-Reducing Agent |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Rubberized cement concrete | 405 | 162 | 110 | 358 | 410 | 410 | 546 | 5.7 |
Ordinary cement concrete | 405 | 162 | -- | 616 | 410 | 410 | 546 | 5.7 |
Test Items | Test Value | Standard Method (Specification) | |
---|---|---|---|
Rubberized Cement Concrete | Ordinary Cement Concrete | ||
Flexural-tensile strength (MPa) | 5.0 | 6.1 | JTG 3420-2020 [29] |
Compressive strength (MPa) | 36.5 | 47.9 | JTG 3420-2020 [29] |
Elasticity modulus (MPa) | 36,700 | 44,000 | JTG 3420-2020 [29] |
Parameter Type | Temperature Sensor | Strain Sensor |
---|---|---|
Measuring range | −40–200 °C | −1500 × 10−6–1000 × 10−6 |
Distinguishability | 0.1%F.S | 0.1%F.S |
Reflectivity | ≥90% | ≥90% |
Operating wavelength range * | 1510–1590 nm | 1510–1590 nm |
Properties | Specification |
---|---|
Wavelength resolution | 1 pm |
Wavelength accuracy | ±1 pm |
Sampling frequency | 1−100 Hz |
Dynamic range | 50 dB |
Wavelength range | 1510–1590 nm |
Axis Type | OCP | RCP | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Slope | Intercept | R2 | Slope | Intercept | R2 | |
x-axis | 9.29 | 11.44 | 0.85 | 10.29 | 5.93 | 0.84 |
y-axis | 7.47 | 28.03 | 0.94 | 7.70 | 27.37 | 0.95 |
Axis Type | OCP | RCP | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Slope | Intercept | R2 | Slope | Intercept | R2 | |
x-axis | −1.47 × 10−5 | 2.26 × 10−5 | 0.93 | −2.02 × 10−5 | 6.23 × 10−5 | 0.90 |
y-axis | −1.01 × 10−5 | −2.99 × 10−4 | 0.57 | −1.31 × 10−5 | −2.83 × 10−4 | 0.74 |
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Zhang, G.; Zhang, G.; Yuan, J.; Su, M. Study on Temperature Response of Rubberized Concrete Pavement Based on Fiber Bragg Grating Testing Technology. Sensors 2024, 24, 5545. https://doi.org/10.3390/s24175545
Zhang G, Zhang G, Yuan J, Su M. Study on Temperature Response of Rubberized Concrete Pavement Based on Fiber Bragg Grating Testing Technology. Sensors. 2024; 24(17):5545. https://doi.org/10.3390/s24175545
Chicago/Turabian StyleZhang, Gaojun, Gaowang Zhang, Jie Yuan, and Manman Su. 2024. "Study on Temperature Response of Rubberized Concrete Pavement Based on Fiber Bragg Grating Testing Technology" Sensors 24, no. 17: 5545. https://doi.org/10.3390/s24175545