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Volume 17
Issue 6
10.3390/ph17060721
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Article

Nanoemulsified Essential Oil of Melaleuca leucadendron Leaves for Topical Application: In Vitro Photoprotective, Antioxidant and Anti-Melanoma Activities

by
Lucas Resende Dutra Sousa
1,2,
Maria Luiza da Costa Santos
1,
Larissa Silva Sampaio
1,2,
Clarisse Gaëlle Faustino
3,
Mérine Lauriane Loïce Guigueno
3,
Kátia Michelle Freitas
4,
Miriam Teresa Paz Lopes
4,
Gabriela Cristina Ferreira Mota
5,
Viviane Martins Rebello dos Santos
5,
Janaína Brandão Seibert
6,
Tatiane Roquete Amparo
2,7,
Paula Melo de Abreu Vieira
8,
Orlando David Henrique dos Santos
1,2,* and
Gustavo Henrique Bianco de Souza
1,2,*
1
Laboratório de Fitotecnologia, Escola de Farmácia, Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto, Campus Morro do Cruzeiro, Ouro Preto 35400-000, MG, Brazil
2
Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, CiPharma, Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto 354000-000, MG, Brazil
3
École de Biologie Industrielle, 49 Avenue des Genottes, 95800 Cergy, France
4
Departamentos de Farmacologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Av Antônio Carlos 6627, Belo Horizonte 31270-901, MG, Brazil
5
Laboratório de Produtos Naturais e de Síntese Orgânica, Instituto de Ciências Exatas e Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto, Campus Morro do Cruzeiro, Ouro Preto 35400-000, MG, Brazil
6
Laboratório de Patologia e Controle Microbiano, Universidade de São Paulo (USP-ESALQ), Piracicaba 13418-900, SP, Brazil
7
Laboratório de Química Medicinal e Bioensaios, Escola de Farmácia, Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto, Campus Morro do Cruzeiro, Ouro Preto 35400-000, MG, Brazil
8
Laboratório de Morfopatologia, Núcleo de Pesquisas em Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto, Campus Morro do Cruzeiro, Ouro Preto 35400-000, MG, Brazil
*
Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Pharmaceuticals 2024, 17(6), 721; https://doi.org/10.3390/ph17060721
Submission received: 12 April 2024 / Revised: 7 May 2024 / Accepted: 8 May 2024 / Published: 2 June 2024
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Natural Pharmacons: Biologically Active Plant-Based Pharmaceuticals 2024)
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Abstract

Melanoma, primarily caused by solar ultraviolet (UV) radiation, can be prevented by the use of sunscreens. However, the use of synthetic sunscreens raises environmental concerns. Natural compounds with antioxidant photoprotective properties and cytotoxic effects against cancer cells can be promising for the prevention and treatment of melanoma with less environmental effect. This study focuses on Melaleuca leucadendron essential oil (EO) for photoprotection and antitumor applications. EO was hydrodistilled from M. leucadendron leaves with a 0.59% yield. Gas chromatography–mass spectrometry detected monoterpenes and sesquiterpenes. Nanoemulsions were prepared with (NE-EO) and without EO (NE-B) using the phase inversion method, showing good stability, spherical or oval morphology, and a pseudoplastic profile. Photoprotective activity assessed spectrophotometrically showed that the NE-EO was more effective than NE-B and free EO. Antioxidant activity evaluated by DPPH and ABTS methods indicated that pure and nanoemulsified EO mainly inhibited the ABTS radical, showing IC50 40.72 and 5.30 µg/mL, respectively. Cytotoxicity tests on L-929 mouse fibroblasts, NGM human melanocyte, B16-F10 melanoma, and MeWo human melanoma revealed that EO and NE-EO were more cytotoxic to melanoma cells than to non-tumor cells. The stable NE-EO demonstrates potential for melanoma prevention and treatment. Further research is required to gain a better understanding of these activities.
Keywords: antioxidant; essential oil; Melaleuca leucadendron; melanoma; nanoemulsion; rheological behavior; sun protect factor; transmission electronic microscopy antioxidant; essential oil; Melaleuca leucadendron; melanoma; nanoemulsion; rheological behavior; sun protect factor; transmission electronic microscopy
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MDPI and ACS Style

Sousa, L.R.D.; Santos, M.L.d.C.; Sampaio, L.S.; Faustino, C.G.; Guigueno, M.L.L.; Freitas, K.M.; Lopes, M.T.P.; Mota, G.C.F.; dos Santos, V.M.R.; Seibert, J.B.; et al. Nanoemulsified Essential Oil of Melaleuca leucadendron Leaves for Topical Application: In Vitro Photoprotective, Antioxidant and Anti-Melanoma Activities. Pharmaceuticals 2024, 17, 721. https://doi.org/10.3390/ph17060721

AMA Style

Sousa LRD, Santos MLdC, Sampaio LS, Faustino CG, Guigueno MLL, Freitas KM, Lopes MTP, Mota GCF, dos Santos VMR, Seibert JB, et al. Nanoemulsified Essential Oil of Melaleuca leucadendron Leaves for Topical Application: In Vitro Photoprotective, Antioxidant and Anti-Melanoma Activities. Pharmaceuticals. 2024; 17(6):721. https://doi.org/10.3390/ph17060721

Chicago/Turabian Style

Sousa, Lucas Resende Dutra, Maria Luiza da Costa Santos, Larissa Silva Sampaio, Clarisse Gaëlle Faustino, Mérine Lauriane Loïce Guigueno, Kátia Michelle Freitas, Miriam Teresa Paz Lopes, Gabriela Cristina Ferreira Mota, Viviane Martins Rebello dos Santos, Janaína Brandão Seibert, and et al. 2024. "Nanoemulsified Essential Oil of Melaleuca leucadendron Leaves for Topical Application: In Vitro Photoprotective, Antioxidant and Anti-Melanoma Activities" Pharmaceuticals 17, no. 6: 721. https://doi.org/10.3390/ph17060721

APA Style

Sousa, L. R. D., Santos, M. L. d. C., Sampaio, L. S., Faustino, C. G., Guigueno, M. L. L., Freitas, K. M., Lopes, M. T. P., Mota, G. C. F., dos Santos, V. M. R., Seibert, J. B., Amparo, T. R., Vieira, P. M. d. A., Santos, O. D. H. d., & de Souza, G. H. B. (2024). Nanoemulsified Essential Oil of Melaleuca leucadendron Leaves for Topical Application: In Vitro Photoprotective, Antioxidant and Anti-Melanoma Activities. Pharmaceuticals, 17(6), 721. https://doi.org/10.3390/ph17060721

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