An Organic Fraction of Oenothera rosea L’Her Ex. Aiton Prevents Neuroinflammation in a Rat Ischemic Model
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Results
2.1. Chemical Composition of EAOr
2.2. EAOr Attenuates Global Neurological Deficit
2.3. EAOr Induces Gene Expression of AIF-1 and GFAP Related to Microglia and Astrocyte Pathways
2.4. Expression of Inflammatory Cytokine Genes IL-1beta and Il-6 Was Repressed by EAOr through Nfkb1
2.5. Casp3 Gene Expression Decreased with Administration of EAOr
2.6. Neuroprotection of the Hippocampal Area by EAOr
3. Discussion
4. Materials and Methods
4.1. Plant Material
4.2. EAOr Fraction Preparation
4.3. Chemical Separation
4.4. Isolation and Characterization of Compounds of O. rosea
4.5. Animals
4.6. Ischemia Induction by Carotid-Artery Occlusion
4.7. Evaluation of Neurological Function
4.8. RNA Extraction
4.9. Reverse Transcription-Quantitative Polymerase Chain Reaction (RT-qPCR)
4.10. Histopathology Staining
4.11. Statistical Analysis
5. Conclusions
Supplementary Materials
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Gene | Sequences (5′–3′) | Amplification Temperature |
---|---|---|
Casp3 | F: GGAGCTTGGAACGCGAAGAA R: ACACAAGCCCATTTCAGGGT | 60 °C |
AIF-1 | F: TCTGAATGGCAATGGAGATA R: GTTGGCTTCTGGTGTTCT | 60 °C |
GFAP | F: TTGGCTTATGTTCTGTCCATTGAG R: AGAGTGGTATCGGTCCAAGTT | 61 °C |
IL-1beta | F: GGGTCTGACTCCCATTTTCC R: TCTGTGACTCGTGGGATGATGAC | 55 °C |
Il-6 | F: CAGAGTCATTCAGAGCAATAC R: CTTTCAAGATGAGTTGGATGG | 55 °C |
Nfkb1 | F: TTCCCTGAAGTGGAGCTAGGA R: CATGTCGAGGAGACACTGGA | 60 °C |
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Costet-Mejía, A.; Trejo-Tapia, G.; Baca-Ibarra, I.I.; Rodríguez-Hernández, A.A.; García-Hernández, J.; Camacho-Díaz, B.H.; Zamilpa, A. An Organic Fraction of Oenothera rosea L’Her Ex. Aiton Prevents Neuroinflammation in a Rat Ischemic Model. Pharmaceuticals 2024, 17, 1184. https://doi.org/10.3390/ph17091184
Costet-Mejía A, Trejo-Tapia G, Baca-Ibarra II, Rodríguez-Hernández AA, García-Hernández J, Camacho-Díaz BH, Zamilpa A. An Organic Fraction of Oenothera rosea L’Her Ex. Aiton Prevents Neuroinflammation in a Rat Ischemic Model. Pharmaceuticals. 2024; 17(9):1184. https://doi.org/10.3390/ph17091184
Chicago/Turabian StyleCostet-Mejía, Alejandro, Gabriela Trejo-Tapia, Itzel Isaura Baca-Ibarra, Aida Araceli Rodríguez-Hernández, Julio García-Hernández, Brenda Hildeliza Camacho-Díaz, and Alejandro Zamilpa. 2024. "An Organic Fraction of Oenothera rosea L’Her Ex. Aiton Prevents Neuroinflammation in a Rat Ischemic Model" Pharmaceuticals 17, no. 9: 1184. https://doi.org/10.3390/ph17091184