Preventive Effect of Lactobacillus fermentum CQPC03 on Activated Carbon-Induced Constipation in ICR Mice
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Isolation and Identification of Lactic Acid Bacteria
2.2. Animal Experiments
2.3. Determination of Serum Levels of Mice
2.4. Pathological Observation of Small Intestine
2.5. Quantitative PCR (qPCR) Assay
2.6. Statistical Analysis
3. Results
3.1. Isolation and Identification of Microorganisms
3.2. Changes in Mouse Body Weight
3.3. The Defecation of Mice
3.4. The Time to the First Black Stool Discharge for the Mice
3.5. Activated Carbon Propulsion Rate in the Small Intestine of the Mice
3.6. Serum ET, SS, AChE and Gas Levels in the Mice
3.7. Pathological Observation of Small Intestine Tissue
3.8. c-Kit mRNA Expression in the Small Intestine
3.9. SCF mRNA Expression in the Small Intestine
3.10. GDNF mRNA Expression in the Small Intestine
3.11. TRPV1 mRNA Expression in the Small Intestine
3.12. iNOS mRNA Expression in the Small Intestine
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Gene Name | Sequence |
---|---|
c-Kit | Forward: 5′-AGA CCG AAC GCA ACT T-3′ |
Reverse: 5′-GGT GCC ATC CAC TTC A-3′ | |
SCF | Forward: 5′-AAA CTG GTG GCG AAT C-3′ |
Reverse: 5′-CAC GGG TAG CAA GAA C-3′ | |
GDNF | Forward: 5′-TTT TAT TCA AGC CAC CAT C-3′ |
Reverse: 5′-AGC CCA AAC CCA AGT CA-3′ | |
TRPV1 | Forward: 5′-AGC GAG TTC AAA GAC CCA GA-3′ |
Reverse: 5′-TTC TCC ACC AAG AGG GTC AC-3′ | |
iNOS | Forward: 5′-AGA GAG ATC GGG TTC ACA-3′ |
Reverse: 5′-CAC AGA ACT GAG GGT ACA-3′ | |
GAPDH | Forward: 5′-AGG TCG GTG TGA ACG GAT TTG-3′ |
Reverse: 5′-GGG GTC GTT GAT GGC AAC A-3′ |
Groups | Normal | Control | LB | LP-CQPC03-L | LP-CQPC03-H |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
1–7 d (lactic acid bacteria administration period but not induction of constipation) | |||||
Stool weight (g) | 1.10 ± 0.03 a | 1.08 ± 0.05 a | 1.11 ± 0.05 a | 1.10 ± 0.04 a | 1.13 ± 0.05 a |
Particle count of stool | 43 ± 3 A | 44 ± 3 A | 45 ± 3 A | 45 ± 2 A | 44 ± 5 A |
Water content of stool (%) | 52 ± 5 a | 51 ± 5 a | 50 ± 4 a | 51 ± 5 a | 51 ± 4 a |
8–10 d (lactic acid bacteria administration period, induction of constipation) | |||||
Stool weight (g) | 1.16 ± 0.06 a | 0.44 ± 0.07 d | 0.71 ± 0.06 c | 0.76 ± 0.05 c | 0.99 ± 0.05 b |
Particle count of stool | 53 ± 2 A | 21 ± 6 D | 38 ± 5 C | 40 ± 3 C | 47 ± 2 B |
Water content of stool (%) | 53 ± 4 a | 17 ± 5 d | 33 ± 5 c | 36 ± 4 c | 46 ± 3 b |
Groups | Length of Small Intestine (cm) | Length of GI Transit (cm) | Activated Carbon Propulsive Rate (%) |
---|---|---|---|
Normal | 52.3 ± 4.2 ab | 52.3 ± 4.2 A | 100.00 ± 7.36 a |
Control | 52.8 ± 5.1 ab | 23.0 ± 3.7 D | 43.26 ± 7.03 d |
LB | 49.4 ± 7.4 ab | 31.4 ± 5.6 C | 68.64 ± 8.32 c |
LF-CQPC03-L | 47.8 ± 2.7 b | 29.6 ± 3.6 C | 62.20 ± 5.15 c |
LF-CQPC03-H | 56.0 ± 1.7 a | 44.4 ± 1.7 D | 76.05 ± 3.22 b |
Levels (pg/mL) | Normal | Control | LB | LF-CQPC03-L | LF-CQPC03-H |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
ET | 18.2 ± 0.9 a | 5.1 ± 0.5 e | 13.7 ± 0.5 c | 12.1 ± 0.2 d | 16.4 ± 0.1 b |
SS | 35.4 ± 0.7 D | 74.8 ± 2.9 A | 41.8 ± 1.5 C | 50.9 ± 0.6 B | 40.6 ± 1.3 C |
AchE | 28.3 ± 0.1 a | 8.4 ± 0.2 e | 20.1 ± 0.5 c | 18.3 ± 0.8 d | 23.6 ± 0.1 b |
Gas | 79.5 ± 0.8 a | 36.1 ± 0.4 e | 56.2 ± 0.1 c | 48.2 ± 0.2 d | 64.5 ± 0.7 b |
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Zhang, J.; Chen, B.; Liu, B.; Zhou, X.; Mu, J.; Wang, Q.; Zhao, X.; Yang, Z. Preventive Effect of Lactobacillus fermentum CQPC03 on Activated Carbon-Induced Constipation in ICR Mice. Medicina 2018, 54, 89. https://doi.org/10.3390/medicina54050089
Zhang J, Chen B, Liu B, Zhou X, Mu J, Wang Q, Zhao X, Yang Z. Preventive Effect of Lactobacillus fermentum CQPC03 on Activated Carbon-Induced Constipation in ICR Mice. Medicina. 2018; 54(5):89. https://doi.org/10.3390/medicina54050089
Chicago/Turabian StyleZhang, Jing, Benshou Chen, Baosi Liu, Xianrong Zhou, Jianfei Mu, Qiang Wang, Xin Zhao, and Zhennai Yang. 2018. "Preventive Effect of Lactobacillus fermentum CQPC03 on Activated Carbon-Induced Constipation in ICR Mice" Medicina 54, no. 5: 89. https://doi.org/10.3390/medicina54050089