Ultrasonographic Evaluation of The Effects of Orthodontic or Functional Orthopaedic Treatment on Masseter Muscles: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Protocol and Registration
2.2. Eligibility Criteria
2.2.1. Population
2.2.2. Intervention
- vertical plane (i.e., dolichocephalic patients whose treatment could include bite-block or rapid/slow palatal expander cemented on permanent or deciduous molars);
- sagittal plane (i.e., patients with Class II malocclusion treated with twin block or any device for mandibular advancement)
- transversal plane (i.e., patients with lateral cross-bite in therapy with quad helix or rapid/slow maxillary expander).
2.2.3. Comparison
2.2.4. Outcomes
2.2.5. Study Design
2.3. Information Sources and Search
2.4. Study Selection
2.5. Data Collection Process
2.6. Outcome
2.7. Risk of Bias in Individual Studies and Quality of Evidence
2.8. Data Synthesis
3. Results
3.1. Results of the Search
3.2. Exclusion of Studies
3.3. Included Studies
3.4. Characteristics of Participants
3.5. Characteristics of Interventions
3.6. Characteristics of Outcome Measures
3.7. Risk of Bias in Included Studies and Strength of Evidence
3.8. Effects of Interventions
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Conflicts of Interest
References
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References | Rationale for Exclusion |
---|---|
Becht et al. [15] | Not dealing with orthodontic therapy |
Kiliaridis et al. [16] | Not dealing with orthodontic therapy |
Kitai et al. [17] | Not dealing with orthodontic therapy |
Antonarakis et al. [18] | Not dealing with ultrasonography |
Chintakanon et al. [19] | Not dealing with ultrasonography |
Dahl et al. [20] | Not dealing with ultrasonography |
Lee et al. [21] | Dealing with orthognathic surgery |
Trawitzki et al. [22] | Dealing with orthognathic surgery |
Title | Author (Year) | Type of Study | Sample Size | Mean Age at Start of Treatment in Years (SD, Range) | Mean Duration of Therapy in Months (SD, Range) | Type of Ultrasonography |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Ultrasonographic thickness of the masseter muscle in growing individuals with unilateral crossbite. | Kiliaridis et al. (2007) | Controlled clinical trial | 38 (17 M and 21 F) in untreated group; 18 (9 M and 9 F) in treated group; 28 (No information about sex.) in age-adjusted control group. | 11.9 (NR, 8.1–17.8) in untreated group; 16.3 (NR, 12.0–22.0) in treated group; 16.1 (NR, 15.2–18.2) in age-adjusted control group. | NR | Scanner 480, 7.5 MHz. Pie Medical, Maastricht, The Netherlands. |
Evaluation of changes in muscle thickness, bite force and facial asymmetry during early treatment of functional posterior crossbite. | Midori Castelo et al. (2010) | Controlled clinical trial | 23 (9 M and 14 F). | 5 (0.4, NR) in deciduous dentition group; 6 (0.6, NR) in mix dentition group. | 13.64 (5.07, NR) in deciduous dentition group; 16.25 (5.40, NR) in mix dentition group. | Just Vision, 56 mm/10 MHz. Toshiba Co., Minato-ku, Tokio, Japan. |
Masseter muscle thickness as a predictive variable in treatment outcome of the twin-block appliance and masseteric thickness changes during treatment. | Kiliaridis et al. (2010) | Controlled clinical trial | 22 (8 M and 14 F) in treated group; 22 (12 M and 10 F) in control group. | 9.4 (NR, 8–12) in treated group; 9.8 (NR, 8–12) in control group. | 13.5 (NR, 11–17) | Scanner 480, 7.5 MHz. Pie Medical, Maastricht, The Netherlands. |
Predictive value of masseter muscle thickness and bite force on Class II functional appliance treatment: a prospective controlled study. | Antonarakis et al. (2015) | Controlled clinical trial | 20 in treated group and 20 in control group. No information about sex. | 11.4 (1.3, 9–13) in treated group; 11.2 (1.9, 9–13) in control group. | 12 (NR, NR) | FALCO 100, 6–8 MHz, Pie Medical, Maastricht, The Netherlands. |
Evaluation of masseter muscles in relation to treatment with removable bite-blocks in dolichofacial growing subjects: a prospective controlled study. | Lione et al. (2017) | Controlled clinical trial | 21 (9 M and 12 F) in treated group; 21 (9 M and 12 F) in control group. | 9.9 (1.4, 8.5–11.1) in treated group; 9.6 (1.6, NR) in control group. | 12 (NR, NR) | NR |
Title | Author (Year) | Selection | Comparability | Exposure | Number of Stars | Risk of Bias |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Ultrasonographic thickness of the masseter muscle in growing individuals with unilateral crossbite. | Kiliaridis et al. (2007) | * | * | * | 3 | High |
Evaluation of changes in muscle thickness, bite force and facial asymmetry during early treatment of functional posterior crossbite. | Midori Castelo et al. (2010) | **** | ** | ** | 8 | Low |
Masseter muscle thickness as a predictive variable in treatment outcome of the twin-block appliance and masseteric thickness changes during treatment. | Kiliaridis et al. (2010) | *** | 0 | ** | 5 | Medium |
Predictive value of masseter muscle thickness and bite force on Class II functional appliance treatment: a prospective controlled study. | Antonarakis et al. (2015) | *** | ** | ** | 7 | Medium |
Evaluation of masseter muscles in relation to treatment with removable bite-blocks in dolichofacial growing subjects: a prospective controlled study. | Lione et al. (2017) | ** | ** | ** | 6 | Medium |
Quality Assessment, Outcome: Masseter Muscle Thickness during Orthodontic Therapy | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Question: Will the Use of Orthodontic Appliances Have an Effect on Masseter Muscle Thickness? | ||||||
Number of Studies According to Meta-Analysis | Study Design | Risk of Bias | Inconsistency | Indirectness | Imprecision | Publication Bias |
4 (Figure 2) | Clinical Controlled Trials | Not Serious | Serious a | Not Serious | Serious b | Undetected |
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Patini, R.; Gallenzi, P.; Lione, R.; Cozza, P.; Cordaro, M. Ultrasonographic Evaluation of The Effects of Orthodontic or Functional Orthopaedic Treatment on Masseter Muscles: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Medicina 2019, 55, 256. https://doi.org/10.3390/medicina55060256
Patini R, Gallenzi P, Lione R, Cozza P, Cordaro M. Ultrasonographic Evaluation of The Effects of Orthodontic or Functional Orthopaedic Treatment on Masseter Muscles: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Medicina. 2019; 55(6):256. https://doi.org/10.3390/medicina55060256
Chicago/Turabian StylePatini, Romeo, Patrizia Gallenzi, Roberta Lione, Paola Cozza, and Massimo Cordaro. 2019. "Ultrasonographic Evaluation of The Effects of Orthodontic or Functional Orthopaedic Treatment on Masseter Muscles: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis" Medicina 55, no. 6: 256. https://doi.org/10.3390/medicina55060256