Influence of the Amount of Change in Quadriceps Tendon Young’s Modulus on Amount of Change in Walking Speed before and after Total Knee Arthroplasty
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Participants
2.2. Young’s Modulus of Quadriceps Tendon
2.3. Knee Circumference
2.4. Knee Joint ROM
2.5. Knee Joint Extension Strength
2.6. One-Leg Standing Time
2.7. Walking Parameters
2.8. Walking Pain
2.9. Activity Level
2.10. Statistical Analysis
3. Results
3.1. Physical Characteristics
3.2. Comparisons before and after TKA
3.3. The Amount of Change before and after TKA
3.4. Correlation Coefficient for Amounts of Change
3.5. Path Analysis of the Amounts of Change
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Characteristics | Pre-TKA (n = 16) |
---|---|
Age (years) | 74.0 (64.5–75.8) 2 |
Sex (men/women) | 3/13 |
Height (m) | 1.52 ± 0.07 1 |
Body weight (kg) | 60.8 ± 11.4 1 |
FTA (°) | 180.0 (177.3–182.8) 2 |
KL grade (3/4) | 4/12 |
Measurement Item | Pre-TKA (n = 16) | Post-TKA (n = 16) | p-Value | Effect Size |
---|---|---|---|---|
Body weight (kg) | 60.8 ± 11.4 1 | 61.4 ± 12.1 1 | 0.320 3 | 0.05 5 |
BMI (kg/m2) | 26.2 ± 4.3 1 | 26.5 ± 4.3 1 | 0.368 3 | 0.07 5 |
FTA (°) | 180.0 (177.3–182.8) 2 | 173.9 ± 3.7 1 | 0.007 4,* | 0.68 6 |
Young’s modulus (kPa) | 306.0 ± 121.5 1 | 250.1 ± 106.9 1 | 0.125 3 | 0.49 5 |
Knee circumference (cm) | 39.1 ± 3.3 1 | 38.7 ± 3.5 1 | 0.281 3 | 0.12 5 |
Passive knee flexion angle (°) | 129.1 ± 12.6 1 | 131.2 ± 11.7 1 | 0.409 3 | 0.17 5 |
Active knee flexion angle (°) | 121.8 ± 12.7 1 | 120.9 ± 8.1 1 | 0.761 3 | 0.09 5 |
Knee extension torque (Nm) | 66.9 ± 20.0 1 | 81.0 ± 18.6 1 | 0.003 3,* | 0.73 5 |
Knee extension torque/weight ratio (Nm/kg) | 1.12 ± 0.34 1 | 1.35 ± 0.34 1 | 0.007 3,* | 0.68 5 |
One-leg standing time (s) | 9.1 (2.9–28.1) 2 | 8.0 (3.9–36.1) 2 | 0.301 4 | 0.26 6 |
Knee flexion angle during swing (°) | 58.7 (51.9–64.3) 2 | 60.5 ± 5.0 1 | 0.187 4 | 0.33 6 |
Step length (m) | 0.49 ± 0.10 1 | 0.53 ± 0.07 1 | 0.016 3,* | 0.46 5 |
Cadence (step/min) | 110.3 ± 16.0 1 | 121.5 ± 10.7 1 | 0.007 3,* | 0.82 5 |
Walking speed (m/s) | 0.91 ± 0.26 1 | 1.07 ± 0.17 1 | 0.006 3,* | 0.73 5 |
Walking pain (points) | 29.9 ± 24.6 1 | 0.0 (0.0–0.0) 2 | 0.002 4,* | 0.77 6 |
JOA score (points) | 64.1 ± 10.5 1 | 85.0 ± 7.7 1 | <0.001 3,* | 2.27 5 |
Measurement Item | Amount of Change (n = 16) |
---|---|
Body weight (kg) | 0.6 ± 2.5 1 |
BMI (kg/m2) | 0.2 ± 1.0 1 |
FTA (°) | −5.1 ± 5.9 1 |
Young’s modulus (kPa) | −55.9 ± 137.4 1 |
Knee circumference (cm) | −0.4 ± 1.5 1 |
Passive knee flexion angle (°) | 5.5 (−8.5–10.8) 2 |
Active knee flexion angle (°) | −0.8 ± 10.5 1 |
Knee extension torque (Nm) | 14.1 ± 16.3 1 |
Knee extension torque/weight ratio (Nm/kg) | 0.16 (−0.03–0.36) 2 |
One-leg standing time (s) | 0.4 (−2.7–12.2) 2 |
Knee flexion angle during swing (°) | 0.9 (−0.8–7.1) 2 |
Step length (m) | 0.04 ± 0.06 1 |
Cadence (step/min) | 6.0 (0.9–18.8) 2 |
Walking speed (m/s) | 0.16 ± 0.20 1 |
Walking pain (points) | −28.6 ± 25.2 1 |
JOA score (points) | 20 (11.25–28.75) 2 |
Young’s Modulus | Knee Flexion Angle during Swing | Step Length | Cadence | Walking Speed | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Correlation coefficient | |||||
Body weight (kg) | 0.408 1 | −0.568 2,* | −0.203 1 | −0.339 2 | −0.071 1 |
BMI (kg/m2) | 0.433 1 | −0.594 2,* | −0.186 1 | −0.353 2 | −0.073 1 |
FTA (°) | 0.497 1 | −0.195 2 | −0.144 1 | −0.437 2 | −0.357 1 |
Young’s modulus (kPa) | - | −0.594 2,* | −0.196 1 | −0.465 2 | −0.285 1 |
Knee circumference (cm) | 0.230 1 | −0.439 2 | −0.425 1 | −0.222 2 | −0.210 1 |
Passive knee flexion angle (°) | −0.124 2 | −0.103 2 | 0.121 2 | 0.310 2 | 0.296 2 |
Active knee flexion angle (°) | −0.085 1 | 0.028 2 | 0.161 1 | 0.249 2 | 0.211 1 |
Knee extension torque (Nm) | 0.263 1 | −0.085 2 | 0.423 1 | 0.344 2 | 0.433 1 |
Knee extension torque/weight ratio (Nm/kg) | 0.091 2 | 0.047 2 | 0.504 2,* | 0.374 2 | 0.557 2,* |
One-leg standing time (s) | 0.368 2 | −0.274 2 | 0.062 2 | −0.053 2 | 0.071 2 |
Knee flexion angle during swing (°) | −0.594 2,* | - | 0.499 2,* | 0.553 2,* | 0.457 2 |
Step length (m) | −0.196 1 | 0.499 2,* | - | 0.711 2,* | 0.931 1,* |
Cadence (step/min) | −0.465 2 | 0.553 2,* | 0.711 2,* | - | 0.878 2,* |
Walking speed (m/s) | −0.285 1 | 0.457 2 | 0.931 1,* | 0.878 2,* | - |
Walking pain (points) | 0.329 1 | −0.188 2 | −0.100 1 | −0.218 2 | −0.096 1 |
JOA score (points) | −0.443 2 | 0.659 2,* | 0.279 2 | 0.327 2 | 0.283 2 |
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Ebihara, B.; Mutsuzaki, H.; Fukaya, T.; Iwai, K. Influence of the Amount of Change in Quadriceps Tendon Young’s Modulus on Amount of Change in Walking Speed before and after Total Knee Arthroplasty. Medicina 2021, 57, 1329. https://doi.org/10.3390/medicina57121329
Ebihara B, Mutsuzaki H, Fukaya T, Iwai K. Influence of the Amount of Change in Quadriceps Tendon Young’s Modulus on Amount of Change in Walking Speed before and after Total Knee Arthroplasty. Medicina. 2021; 57(12):1329. https://doi.org/10.3390/medicina57121329
Chicago/Turabian StyleEbihara, Bungo, Hirotaka Mutsuzaki, Takashi Fukaya, and Koichi Iwai. 2021. "Influence of the Amount of Change in Quadriceps Tendon Young’s Modulus on Amount of Change in Walking Speed before and after Total Knee Arthroplasty" Medicina 57, no. 12: 1329. https://doi.org/10.3390/medicina57121329