Resting-State EEG Connectivity at High-Frequency Bands and Attentional Performance Dysfunction in Stabilized Schizophrenia Patients
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Participants
2.2. Continuous Performance Test and Other Cognitive Tests
2.3. Clinical Measures
2.4. Estimations for EEG Source Localization
2.5. Whole-Brain Electrical Source-Based Functional Connectivity
2.6. Statistical Analyses
3. Results
3.1. Sociodemographic and Clinical Characteristics of the Participants
3.2. Correlation Analyses
3.2.1. Correlations between CPT-II VAR Score and EEG Source-Based Functional Connectivity
3.2.2. Correlations between CPT-II HRT Score and EEG Source-Based Functional Connectivity
3.2.3. Correlations between CPT-II HRTSE Score and EEG Source-Based Functional Connectivity
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Sample 1 N = 36 | Sample 2 N = 36 | Total Sample N = 72 | p Values | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Gender (f/m) | 15/21 | 18/18 | 33/39 | 0.48 |
Age, years old | 43.33 ± 11.83 | 42.47 ± 9.96 | 42.90 ± 10.87 | 0.74 |
Years of education, years | 13.06 ± 3.00 | 13.56 ± 3.06 | 13.31 ± 3.02 | 0.49 |
Years since diagnosis, years | 18.97 ± 11.56 | 16.28 ± 10.34 | 17.44 ± 10.97 | 0.37 |
Chlorpromazine equivalent dose, mg/day | 593.30 ± 304.15 | 613.99 ± 410.85 | 603.64 ± 359.05 | 0.81 |
PANSS total score | 69.86 ± 9.42 | 73.28 ± 8.51 | 71.57 ± 9.08 | 0.11 |
PANSS positive subscale | 14.36 ± 4.08 | 16.00 ± 4.46 | 15.18 ± 4.32 | 0.11 |
PANSS negative subscale | 18.89 ± 3.21 | 19.53 ± 3.71 | 19.21 ± 3.46 | 0.44 |
PANSS general subscale | 36.61 ± 4.66 | 37.75 ± 4.63 | 37.18 ± 4.65 | 0.30 |
PSP global scale | 55.36 ± 10.80 | 52.89 ± 10.03 | 53.13 ± 10.42 | 0.32 |
BCIS-R | 23.58 ± 4.55 | 23.81 ± 4.96 | 23.69 ± 4.73 | 0.96 |
BCIS-C | 15.00 ± 3.26 | 16.17 ± 3.00 | 15.83 ± 3.13 | 0.37 |
BCIS R-C index | 8.25 ± 4.16 | 7.64 ± 5.54 | 7.94 ± 4.87 | 0.60 |
CPT-II | ||||
d’ | 0.61 ± 0.49 | 0.86 ± 0.59 | 0.74 ± 0.55 | 0.05 |
OM | 13.00 ± 21.11 | 15.67 ± 31.08 | 14.33 ± 26.41 | 0.67 |
COM | 17.14 ± 9.69 | 12.75 ± 8.44 | 14.94 ± 9.29 | 0.04 |
PER | 4.17 ± 7.27 | 3.42 ± 6.67 | 3.79 ± 6.94 | 0.65 |
HRT | 455.57 ± 100.16 | 478.92 ± 105.17 | 467.25 ± 102.64 | 0.34 |
HRTSE | 9.65 ± 8.15 | 9.82 ± 8.19 | 9.73 ± 8.11 | 0.93 |
VAR | 17.64 ± 17.46 | 16.81 ± 18.20 | 17.23 ± 17.72 | 0.85 |
HRTBC | 0.01 ± 0.03 | 0.01 ± 0.03 | 0.01 ± 0.03 | 0.29 |
HRTISIC | 0.07 ± 0.04 | 0.07 ± 0.04 | 0.06 ± 0.04 | 0.72 |
CTT1 | 60.08 ± 20.93 | 54.14 ± 25.56 | 57.11 ± 23.39 | 0.28 |
CTT2 | 105.02 ± 28.10 | 104.96 ± 39.36 | 104.99 ± 33.96 | 0.99 |
WCST non-perseverative error | 21.22 ± 20.45 | 15.50 ± 16.38 | 18.36 ± 18.62 | 0.52 |
TOL accuracy | 4.53 ± 2.13 | 3.56 ± 2.32 | 4.04 ± 2.27 | 0.07 |
TOL time | 234.58 ± 94.30 | 236.03 ± 91.23 | 235.31 ± 92.13 | 0.95 |
Stroop Interference Test | ||||
Naming interference tendency | 0.49 ± 0.45 | 0.33 ± 0.32 | 0.41 ± 0.40 | 0.08 |
Reading interference tendency | 0.28 ± 0.29 | 0.28 ± 0.24 | 0.28 ± 0.26 | 0.84 |
ROI | Structure | x | y | z | ROI | Structure | x | y | z |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | Postcentral Gyrus | −55 | −25 | 50 | 43 | Postcentral Gyrus | 55 | −25 | 50 |
2 | Postcentral Gyrus | −45 | −30 | 45 | 44 | Inferior Parietal Lobule | 50 | −30 | 45 |
3 | Precentral Gyrus | −35 | −25 | 55 | 45 | Postcentral Gyrus | 40 | −25 | 50 |
4 | Precentral Gyrus | −35 | −20 | 50 | 46 | Postcentral Gyrus | 35 | −25 | 50 |
5 | Paracentral Lobule | −15 | −45 | 60 | 47 | Paracentral Lobule | 15 | −45 | 60 |
6 | Middle Frontal Gyrus | −30 | −5 | 55 | 48 | Middle Frontal Gyrus | 30 | −5 | 55 |
7 | Precuneus | −20 | −65 | 50 | 49 | Precuneus | 15 | −65 | 50 |
8 | Superior Frontal Gyrus | −20 | 30 | 50 | 50 | Superior Frontal Gyrus | 20 | 25 | 50 |
9 | Middle Frontal Gyrus | −30 | 30 | 35 | 51 | Middle Frontal Gyrus | 30 | 30 | 35 |
10 | Superior Frontal Gyrus | −25 | 55 | 5 | 52 | Superior Frontal Gyrus | 25 | 55 | 5 |
11 | Middle Frontal Gyrus | −20 | 40 | −15 | 53 | Superior Frontal Gyrus | 20 | 45 | −20 |
12 | Insula | −40 | −10 | 10 | 54 | Insula | 40 | −5 | 10 |
13 | Lingual Gyrus | −10 | −90 | 0 | 55 | Lingual Gyrus | 10 | −90 | 0 |
14 | Lingual Gyrus | −15 | −85 | 0 | 56 | Lingual Gyrus | 15 | −85 | 0 |
15 | Cuneus | −25 | −75 | 10 | 57 | Cuneus | 25 | −75 | 10 |
16 | Fusiform Gyrus | −45 | −20 | −30 | 58 | Fusiform Gyrus | 45 | −20 | −30 |
17 | Middle Temporal Gyrus | −60 | −20 | −15 | 59 | Middle Temporal Gyrus | 60 | −15 | −15 |
18 | Superior Temporal Gyrus | −55 | −25 | 5 | 60 | Superior Temporal Gyrus | 55 | −20 | 5 |
19 | Posterior Cingulate | −5 | −40 | 25 | 61 | Posterior Cingulate | 5 | −45 | 25 |
20 | Cingulate Gyrus | −5 | 0 | 35 | 62 | Cingulate Gyrus | 5 | 0 | 35 |
21 | Medial Frontal Gyrus | −10 | 20 | −15 | 63 | Subcallosal Gyrus | 5 | 15 | −15 |
22 | Parahippocampal Gyrus | −20 | −35 | −5 | 64 | Parahippocampal Gyrus | 20 | −35 | −5 |
23 | Parahippocampal Gyrus | −20 | −10 | −25 | 65 | Parahippocampal Gyrus | 20 | −10 | −25 |
24 | Posterior Cingulate | −5 | −50 | 5 | 66 | Posterior Cingulate | 5 | −50 | 5 |
25 | Posterior Cingulate | −15 | −60 | 5 | 67 | Cuneus | 10 | −60 | 5 |
26 | Precuneus | −10 | −50 | 30 | 68 | Precuneus | 10 | −50 | 35 |
27 | Anterior Cingulate | −5 | 30 | 20 | 69 | Anterior Cingulate | 5 | 30 | 20 |
28 | Anterior Cingulate | −5 | 20 | 20 | 70 | Anterior Cingulate | 0 | 20 | 20 |
29 | Parahippocampal Gyrus | −15 | 0 | −20 | 71 | Parahippocampal Gyrus | 15 | 0 | −20 |
30 | Parahippocampal Gyrus | −20 | −25 | −20 | 72 | Parahippocampal Gyrus | 25 | −25 | −20 |
31 | Parahippocampal Gyrus | −30 | −30 | −25 | 73 | Parahippocampal Gyrus | 30 | −25 | −25 |
32 | Fusiform Gyrus | −45 | −55 | −15 | 74 | Fusiform Gyrus | 45 | −55 | −15 |
33 | Superior Temporal Gyrus | −40 | 15 | −30 | 75 | Superior Temporal Gyrus | 40 | 15 | −30 |
34 | Middle Temporal Gyrus | −45 | −65 | 25 | 76 | Middle Temporal Gyrus | 45 | −65 | 25 |
35 | Inferior Parietal Lobule | −50 | −40 | 40 | 77 | Inferior Parietal Lobule | 50 | −45 | 45 |
36 | Transverse Temporal Gyrus | −45 | −30 | 10 | 78 | Transverse Temporal Gyrus | 45 | −30 | 10 |
37 | Superior Temporal Gyrus | −60 | −25 | 10 | 79 | Superior Temporal Gyrus | 65 | −25 | 10 |
38 | Transverse Temporal Gyrus | −60 | −10 | 15 | 80 | Transverse Temporal Gyrus | 60 | −10 | 15 |
39 | Precentral Gyrus | −50 | 10 | 15 | 81 | Precentral Gyrus | 55 | 10 | 15 |
40 | Inferior Frontal Gyrus | −50 | 20 | 15 | 82 | Inferior Frontal Gyrus | 50 | 20 | 15 |
41 | Middle Frontal Gyrus | −45 | 35 | 20 | 83 | Middle Frontal Gyrus | 45 | 35 | 20 |
42 | Inferior Frontal Gyrus | −30 | 25 | −15 | 84 | Inferior Frontal Gyrus | 30 | 25 | −15 |
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Yeh, T.-C.; Huang, C.C.-Y.; Chung, Y.-A.; Park, S.Y.; Im, J.J.; Lin, Y.-Y.; Ma, C.-C.; Tzeng, N.-S.; Chang, H.-A. Resting-State EEG Connectivity at High-Frequency Bands and Attentional Performance Dysfunction in Stabilized Schizophrenia Patients. Medicina 2023, 59, 737. https://doi.org/10.3390/medicina59040737
Yeh T-C, Huang CC-Y, Chung Y-A, Park SY, Im JJ, Lin Y-Y, Ma C-C, Tzeng N-S, Chang H-A. Resting-State EEG Connectivity at High-Frequency Bands and Attentional Performance Dysfunction in Stabilized Schizophrenia Patients. Medicina. 2023; 59(4):737. https://doi.org/10.3390/medicina59040737
Chicago/Turabian StyleYeh, Ta-Chuan, Cathy Chia-Yu Huang, Yong-An Chung, Sonya Youngju Park, Jooyeon Jamie Im, Yen-Yue Lin, Chin-Chao Ma, Nian-Sheng Tzeng, and Hsin-An Chang. 2023. "Resting-State EEG Connectivity at High-Frequency Bands and Attentional Performance Dysfunction in Stabilized Schizophrenia Patients" Medicina 59, no. 4: 737. https://doi.org/10.3390/medicina59040737