Clinical Research in Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia in Pakistan; A Systematic Review
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
3. Results
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Supplementary Materials
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Author(s) Year | Sample Size (n) | Mean Age (Years) | Study Design | Study Objective | Results |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Ehsan et al., 2013 [7] | 31 | 62.8 | Cross-sectional | Determine the prevalence of autoimmune cytopenias in CLL patients | Autoimmune cytopenias were seen in 22% of the patients. Autoimmune hemolytic anemia occurred more frequently compared to immune thrombocytopenia purpura (19.4% vs. 3.2%). |
Rafiq et al., 2014 [8] | 50 | 41.5 ± 20.86 | Cross-sectional | Assess the clinico-hematological profile of CLL patients | CLL patients were more anemic and thrombocytopenic. creatinine, total bilirubin, and urea were also raised above normal limits. |
Abbas et al., 2015 [9] | 60 | 59 ± 9.2 | Cross -sectional | Determine the correlation of Coombs test with disease staging | There was a statistically significant association between Coomb’s positivity and advanced Rai stage III disease and low mean hemoglobin. |
Parveen et al., 2015 [10] | 60 | 59.0 ± 9.2 | Cross-sectional | Determine the prevalence of Vitamin D deficiency in CLL patients | Vitamin D insufficiency was found in 56.7% of the patients. No correlation was found with age, clinical stage, or other biochemical markers. |
Zeeshan et al., 2015 [11] | 60 | 59.0 ± 9.2 | Prospective observational | Assess the clinico-hematological profile of CLL patients | Anemia and thrombocytopenia were seen in 26.7% and 21.7% of cases, respectively, and 21.7% had Rai Stage IV disease. |
Rashid et al., 2018 [12] | 150 | 65.8 ± 1.5 | Cross-sectional | Gauge the frequency of hematological complications in CLL patients | Of the patients, 71% had at least some degree of thrombocytopenia. |
Haider et al., 2019 [13] | 64 | 65 | Cross-sectional | Determine the prevalence of autoimmune cytopenias in CLL patients | Autoimmune hemolytic anemia occurred more frequently compared to immune thrombocytopenia purpura (7.8% vs. 3.1%). |
Rashid et al., 2020 [14] | 100 | 65.8 ± 1.33 | Cross-sectional | Assess the frequency of autoimmune haemolytic anemia in CLL patients | Coomb’s positivity rate was 26.7%. Coomb’s positive patients had a mean hemoglobin of 7.69 g/dL ± 2.3. |
Author(s) Year | Sample Size (n) | Mean Age (Years) | Study Design | Study Objective | Results |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Ahmed et al., 2021 [15] | 56 | 60 | Cross-sectional | Determine the prevalence of 13q14 deletion and its effect on prognosis in CLL patients | 13q14 deletion was present in 37.5% of the patients. Most of these patients had low-grade disease and low rate of disease progression. |
Ahmed et al., 2021 [16] | 56 | 60 | Cross-sectional | Assess the clinicohematological characteristics of CLL patients with trisomy 12 | Trisomy 12 was detected in 10.7% of the patients. There was no statistically significant association of trisomy 12 with aggressive disease or poor prognostic markers. |
Qadir et al., 2020 [17] | 139 | 56.3 ± 10.84 | Cross-sectional | Determine the frequency of 17p deletion with TP53 mutation in CLL patients | TP53 mutation was found in 13.7% of the patients. Age and gender were not statistically significant with TP53 mutation. |
Korejo et al., 2020 [18] | 61 | Not available | Cross-sectional | Assess the clinicohematological characteristics of CLL patients with 11q22 deletion | Deletion 11q22 was detected in 11.4% of the patients. No statistical significant correlation was found between 11q22 deletion and age or Rai staging. |
Khaliq et al., 2019 [19] | 101 | 64 * | Cross-sectional | Determine the frequency of Zap-70 and CD38 in newly diagnosed B cell CLL patients | 2.97% of patients were positive for Zap-70 and 33.66% of newly diagnosed patients were positive for CD38. |
Mahmood et al., 2018 [20] | 130 | 64.2 | Prospective observational | Assess the clinicohematological characteristics of CLL patients with 17p deletion | 17p deletion was present in 18% of the patients and was associated with age > 65 years (p = 0.01), advanced clinical stage (p = 0.0001), presence of B symptoms (p = 0.007), and elevated B2 microglobulin levels (p = 0.001). No 2 year survival difference in patients with or without 17p deletion. |
Nazir et al., 2016 [21] | 57 | 50.9 * | Retrospective cohort study | To assess the outcomes with different chemotherapeutic regimens in patients with CLL | Regimens used were FC in 83%, FCR in 11%, chlorambucil in 4% and CVP in 2% of the patients. ORR was 89%. Median PFS was 23.1 months and median 3 years OS was 55%. |
Zeeshan et al., 2015 [22] | 89 | 57.5 ± 12.1 | Cross-sectional | Determine the prevalence of ZAP-70 positivity in B-CLL patients at disease presentation | ZAP-70 positivity rate was 13.7% and had a statistically significant correlation with Rai Stage III disease and increased total lymphocyte count. No correlation established with age or gender. |
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Ammad Ud Din, M.; Shahzad, M.; Ashraf, A.; Liaqat, H.; Jaan, A.; Anwer, F. Clinical Research in Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia in Pakistan; A Systematic Review. Medicina 2023, 59, 1483. https://doi.org/10.3390/medicina59081483
Ammad Ud Din M, Shahzad M, Ashraf A, Liaqat H, Jaan A, Anwer F. Clinical Research in Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia in Pakistan; A Systematic Review. Medicina. 2023; 59(8):1483. https://doi.org/10.3390/medicina59081483
Chicago/Turabian StyleAmmad Ud Din, Mohammad, Moazzam Shahzad, Aqsa Ashraf, Hania Liaqat, Ali Jaan, and Faiz Anwer. 2023. "Clinical Research in Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia in Pakistan; A Systematic Review" Medicina 59, no. 8: 1483. https://doi.org/10.3390/medicina59081483