Feasibility and Efficacy of the Newly Developed Robotic Hybrid Assistive Limb Shoulder Exercises in Patients with C5 Palsy during the Acute Postoperative Phase
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Study Design
2.2. Inclusion/Exclusion Criteria
2.3. Patients
2.4. Shoulder HAL Training Program
2.5. Outcome Measures
2.6. Statistical Analysis
3. Results
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Case | Age | Sex | Pathology | Operation | Instrumented Fusion Levels | Affected Arm | C5 Palsy Onset | HAL Start After Onset | HAL Finish (POM) | HAL Sessions | Reference |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | 65 | F | cervical spondylotic myelopathy | C2-T1 | left | 4 days | 5 days | 3 POM | 10 | [22] | |
2 (right) | 58 | M | cervical OPLL | C2-7 | right | 2 days | 13 days | 2 POM | 10 | [23] | |
2 (left) | – | – | – | left | 2 days | 13 days | 1 POM | 7 | [21] | ||
3 | 59 | M | SAPHO syndrome (cervical kyphosis) | ADF, PDF, C6 laminectomy (fibular transfer) | C2-T1 | right | 2 days | 21 days | 3 POM | 10 | NA |
4 | 62 | M | cervical spondylotic myelopathy | ADF, ACCF, fibular transfer | C5-6 | left | 6 days | 9 days | 6 POM | 17 | [23] |
5 | 76 | M | cervical spondylotic myelopathy | C2-7 | left | 2 days | 7 days | 9 POM | 18 | [23] | |
6 | 73 | M | cervical OPLL | PDF, C3-6 laminectomy | C2-7 | right | 7 days | 19 days | 2 POM | 10 | [23] |
Before Shoulder HAL | After Shoulder HAL | |
---|---|---|
Shoulder abduction power (deltoid) MMT | 1.4 ± 0.5 1; 4 shoulders, 2; 3 shoulders | 3.3 ± 0.5 3; 5 shoulders, 4; 2 shoulders |
Shoulder abduction angle (°) | 36.4 ± 8.7 | 140.7 ± 35.1 |
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Kubota, S.; Kadone, H.; Shimizu, Y.; Watanabe, H.; Koda, M.; Sankai, Y.; Yamazaki, M. Feasibility and Efficacy of the Newly Developed Robotic Hybrid Assistive Limb Shoulder Exercises in Patients with C5 Palsy during the Acute Postoperative Phase. Medicina 2023, 59, 1496. https://doi.org/10.3390/medicina59081496
Kubota S, Kadone H, Shimizu Y, Watanabe H, Koda M, Sankai Y, Yamazaki M. Feasibility and Efficacy of the Newly Developed Robotic Hybrid Assistive Limb Shoulder Exercises in Patients with C5 Palsy during the Acute Postoperative Phase. Medicina. 2023; 59(8):1496. https://doi.org/10.3390/medicina59081496
Chicago/Turabian StyleKubota, Shigeki, Hideki Kadone, Yukiyo Shimizu, Hiroki Watanabe, Masao Koda, Yoshiyuki Sankai, and Masashi Yamazaki. 2023. "Feasibility and Efficacy of the Newly Developed Robotic Hybrid Assistive Limb Shoulder Exercises in Patients with C5 Palsy during the Acute Postoperative Phase" Medicina 59, no. 8: 1496. https://doi.org/10.3390/medicina59081496