The COVID-19 Pandemic and Elective Spine Surgery—A Single Center Experience
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
3. Results
3.1. Number of Procedures
3.2. Characteristics of Patients in 2021
3.3. Spine Pathology Analysis
4. Discussion
Limitations
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
- Wunsch, K.; Kienberger, K.; Niessner, C. Changes in Physical Activity Patterns Due to the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2022, 19, 2250. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Mignogna, C.; Costanzo, S.; Ghulam, A.; Cerletti, C.; Donati, M.B.; de Gaetano, G.; Iacoviello, L.; Bonaccio, M. Impact of Nationwide Lockdowns Resulting from the First Wave of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Food Intake, Eating Behaviors, and Diet Quality: A Systematic Review. Adv. Nutr. 2021, 13, 388–423. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Papalia, G.F.; Petrucci, G.; Russo, F.; Ambrosio, L.; Vadalà, G.; Iavicoli, S.; Papalia, R.; Denaro, V. COVID-19 Pandemic Increases the Impact of Low Back Pain: A Systematic Review and Metanalysis. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2022, 19, 4599. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Edwards, J.; Hayden, J.; Asbridge, M.; Gregoire, B.; Magee, K. Prevalence of low back pain in emergency settings: A systematic review and meta-analysis. BMC Musculoskelet. Disord. 2017, 18, 143. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Vos, T.; Allen, C.; Arora, M.; Barber, R.M.; Bhutta, Z.A.; Brown, A.; Carter, A.; Casey, D.C.; Charlson, F.J.; Chen, A.Z.; et al. Global, regional, and national incidence, prevalence, and years lived with disability for 310 diseases and injuries, 1990-2015: A systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2015. Lancet 2016, 388, 1545–1602. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Hartvigsen, J.; Hancock, M.J.; Kongsted, A.; Louw, Q.; Ferreira, M.L.; Genevay, S.; Hoy, D.; Karppinen, J.; Pransky, G.; Sieper, J.; et al. What low back pain is and why we need to pay attention. Lancet 2018, 391, 2356–2367. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Sheng, B.; Feng, C.; Zhang, D.; Spitler, H.; Shi, L. Associations between Obesity and Spinal Diseases: A Medical Expenditure Panel Study Analysis. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2017, 14, 183. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Knutsson, B.; Sandén, B.; Sjödén, G.; Järvholm, B.; Michaëlsson, K. Body Mass Index and Risk for Clinical Lumbar Spinal Stenosis: A Cohort Study. Spine 2015, 40, 1451–1456. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Frilander, H.; Solovieva, S.; Mutanen, P.; Pihlajamäki, H.; Heliövaara, M.; Viikari-Juntura, E. Role of overweight and obesity in low back disorders among men: A longitudinal study with a life course approach. BMJ Open 2015, 5, e007805. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Nuttall, F.Q. Body Mass Index: Obesity, BMI, and Health: A Critical Review. Nutr. Today 2015, 50, 117–128. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Prentice, A.M.; Jebb, S.A. Beyond body mass index. Obes. Rev. 2001, 2, 141–147. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- World Health Organization. Obesity: Preventing and managing the global epidemic. In Report of a WHO Consultation; WHO: Geneva, Switzerland, 2000. [Google Scholar]
- Foster, N.E.; Anema, J.R.; Cherkin, D.; Chou, R.; Cohen, S.P.; Gross, D.P.; Ferreira, P.H.; Fritz, J.M.; Koes, B.W.; Peul, W.; et al. Prevention and treatment of low back pain: Evidence, challenges, and promising directions. Lancet 2018, 391, 2368–2383. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- National Guideline Centre. National Guideline Centre. National Institute for Health and Care Excellence: Guidelines. In Low Back Pain and Sciatica in Over 16s: Assessment and Management; National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE) Copyright© NICE: London, UK, 2016. [Google Scholar]
- Kolte, V.S.; Khambatta, S.; Ambiye, M.V. Thickness of the ligamentum flavum: Correlation with age and its asymmetry-an magnetic resonance imaging study. Asian Spine J. 2015, 9, 245–253. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Jönsson, B.; Strömqvist, B. Influence of age on symptoms and signs in lumbar disc herniation. Eur. Spine J. 1995, 4, 202–205. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Elmasry, S.; Asfour, S.; de Rivero Vaccari, J.P.; Travascio, F. Effects of Tobacco Smoking on the Degeneration of the Intervertebral Disc: A Finite Element Study. PLoS ONE 2015, 10, e0136137. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Colombini, A.; Brayda-Bruno, M.; Ferino, L.; Lombardi, G.; Maione, V.; Banfi, G.; Cauci, S. Gender differences in the VDR-FokI polymorphism and conventional non-genetic risk factors in association with lumbar spine pathologies in an Italian case-control study. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2015, 16, 3722–3739. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Mattingly, A.S.; Rose, L.; Eddington, H.S.; Trickey, A.W.; Cullen, M.R.; Morris, A.M.; Wren, S.M. Trends in US Surgical Procedures and Health Care System Response to Policies Curtailing Elective Surgical Operations During the COVID-19 Pandemic. JAMA Netw. Open 2021, 4, e2138038. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Sá, A.F.; Lourenço, S.F.; Teixeira, R.D.S.; Barros, F.; Costa, A.; Lemos, P. Urgent/emergency surgery during COVID-19 state of emergency in Portugal: A retrospective and observational study. Braz. J. Anesthesiol. 2021, 71, 123–128. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Koruga, N.; Koruga, A.S.; Rončević, R.; Turk, T.; Kopačin, V.; Kretić, D.; Rotim, T.; Rončević, A. Telemedicine in Neurosurgical Trauma during the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Single-Center Experience. Diagnostics 2022, 12, 2061. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Wordie, S.J.; Tsirikos, A.I. The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on spinal surgery. Orthop. Trauma 2021, 35, 314–320. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Attaripour, B.; Xiang, S.; Mitchell, B.; Siow, M.; Parekh, J.; Shahidi, B. A Retrospective Study of the Impact of COVID-19 Pandemic Related Administrative Restrictions on Spine Surgery Practice and Outcomes in an Urban Healthcare System. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2022, 19, 10573. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Mills, E.S.; Mertz, K.; Faye, E.; Ton, A.; Wang, J.C.; Hah, R.J.; Alluri, R.K. The Effect of COVID-19 on Spine Surgery. Glob. Spine J. 2023, 21925682231173368. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Lucke-Wold, B.; Cerillo, J.L.; Becsey, A.N.; Chernicki, B.P.; Root, K.T. Minimally Invasive Procedures, Perioperative Telemedicine, and Decreased Hospital Stays Following COVID-19 Surgical Restrictions: Spinal Surgery. Arch. Med. Case Rep. Case Study 2022, 6, 153. [Google Scholar] [PubMed]
- Lin, G.X.; Kotheeranurak, V.; Chen, C.M.; Hu, B.S.; Rui, G. Global research hotspots and trends in the field of spine surgery during the COVID-19 pandemic: A bibliometric and visual analysis. Front. Surg. 2022, 9, 976546. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Lin, J.A.; Braun, H.J.; Schwab, M.E.; Pierce, L.; Sosa, J.A.; Wick, E.C. Pandemic Recovery: Persistent Disparities in Access to Elective Surgical Procedures. Ann. Surg. 2021, 277, 57–65. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Jain, A.; Jain, P.; Aggarwal, S. SARS-CoV-2 Impact on Elective Orthopaedic Surgery: Implications for Post-Pandemic Recovery. The Journal of bone and joint surgery. J. Bone Joint. Surg. Am. 2020, 102, e68. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Saggaf, M.; Anastakis, D. The Impact of COVID-19 on the Surgical Wait Times for Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery in Ontario. Plast. Surg. 2021, 229255032110643. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Collaborative, C. Elective surgery cancellations due to the COVID-19 pandemic: Global predictive modelling to inform surgical recovery plans. Br. J. Surg. 2020, 107, 1440–1449. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Gallus, S.; Lugo, A.; Murisic, B.; Bosetti, C.; Boffetta, P.; La Vecchia, C. Overweight and obesity in 16 European countries. Eur. J. Nutr. 2015, 54, 679–689. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Koliaki, C.; Liatis, S.; Kokkinos, A. Obesity and cardiovascular disease: Revisiting an old relationship. Metabolism 2019, 92, 98–107. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Patel, S.A.; Ali, M.K.; Alam, D.; Yan, L.L.; Levitt, N.S.; Bernabe-Ortiz, A.; Checkley, W.; Wu, Y.; Irazola, V.; Gutierrez, L.; et al. Obesity and its Relation with Diabetes and Hypertension: A Cross-Sectional Study Across 4 Geographical Regions. Glob. Heart 2016, 11, 71–79. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Eckel, R.H.; Grundy, S.M.; Zimmet, P.Z. The metabolic syndrome. Lancet 2005, 365, 1415–1428. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Mohan, M.; Huynh, L. Sex Differences in the Spine. Curr. Phys. Med. Rehabil. Rep. 2019, 7, 246–252. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
Variables | Normal Weight | Overweight | Total | p Value |
---|---|---|---|---|
Patients | 63 (26%) | 179 (74%) | 242 | |
BMI (kg/m2) | 22.75 ± 1.83 | 30.14 ± 4.11 | 28.31 ± 4.89 | |
Smokers | 32 (50.8%) | 71 (39.7%) | 103 (42.6%) | 0.12 |
Age (years) | 52.30 ± 13.2.3 | 53.43 ± 13.00 | 53.14 ± 13.05 | 0.66 |
Sex | ||||
Male | 23 (36.5%) | 98 (54.7%) | 121 | 0.013 * |
Female | 40 (63.5%) | 81 (45.3%) | 121 |
Comorbidity | Number of Patients |
---|---|
None | 107 (44.2%) |
Hypertension | 102 (42.1%) |
Diabetes | 24 (9.9%) |
Gastrointestinal disorders | 17 (7.0%) |
Thyroid disorders | 9 (3.7%) |
Respiratory disorders | 5 (2.1%) |
Cardiac disorders | 5 (2.1%) |
Autoimmune disorders | 5 (2.1%) |
Hematologic disorders | 4 (1.7%) |
Miscellaneous | 4 (1.7%) |
Number of Patients | Spine Pathology | ||
---|---|---|---|
Disc Herniation | Spinal Stenosis | ||
Adults (18–64) | 195 | 143 (73.3%) * | 55 (28.2%) |
Elderly (65+) | 47 | 15 (31.9%) | 32 (68.1%) * |
BMI < 25 kg/m² | 63 | 44 (69.8%) | 20 (31.7%) |
BMI ≥ 25 kg/m2 | 179 | 114 (63.7%) | 67 (37.4%) |
Male | 121 | 79 (65.3%) | 44 (36.4%) |
Female | 121 | 79 (65.3%) | 43 (35.5%) |
Disclaimer/Publisher’s Note: The statements, opinions and data contained in all publications are solely those of the individual author(s) and contributor(s) and not of MDPI and/or the editor(s). MDPI and/or the editor(s) disclaim responsibility for any injury to people or property resulting from any ideas, methods, instructions or products referred to in the content. |
© 2023 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
Share and Cite
Koruga, N.; Soldo Koruga, A.; Butković Soldo, S.; Rončević, R.; Rotim, T.; Turk, T.; Kretić, D.; Škiljić, S.; Nešković, N.; Rončević, A. The COVID-19 Pandemic and Elective Spine Surgery—A Single Center Experience. Medicina 2023, 59, 1575. https://doi.org/10.3390/medicina59091575
Koruga N, Soldo Koruga A, Butković Soldo S, Rončević R, Rotim T, Turk T, Kretić D, Škiljić S, Nešković N, Rončević A. The COVID-19 Pandemic and Elective Spine Surgery—A Single Center Experience. Medicina. 2023; 59(9):1575. https://doi.org/10.3390/medicina59091575
Chicago/Turabian StyleKoruga, Nenad, Anamarija Soldo Koruga, Silva Butković Soldo, Robert Rončević, Tatjana Rotim, Tajana Turk, Domagoj Kretić, Sonja Škiljić, Nenad Nešković, and Alen Rončević. 2023. "The COVID-19 Pandemic and Elective Spine Surgery—A Single Center Experience" Medicina 59, no. 9: 1575. https://doi.org/10.3390/medicina59091575