Validation of the Lithuanian Version of the Walking Impairment Questionnaire in Patients with Peripheral Arterial Disease
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Participants and Study Design
2.2. Walking Impairment Questionnaire (WIQ)
2.3. European Quality of Life 5 Dimension Questionnaire 3 Level Version (EQ-5D-3L)
2.4. 6-Minute Walk Test (6MWT)
2.5. Treadmill Test
2.6. Ankle–Brachial Index (ABI)
2.7. Validation Process
2.8. Statistical Analysis
3. Results
3.1. Baseline Data
3.2. Test–Retest Reliability and Internal Consistency
3.3. Validity
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Tests | Mean (±SD) | Median (±IQR) |
---|---|---|
WIQ total | 48.8 (±20.8) | |
WIQ distance | 26.0 (±42.0) | |
WIQ speed | 40.5 (±23.8) | |
WIQ stair climbing | 68.8 (±26.0) | |
6MWT distance | 390.0 (±108.0) | |
Treadmill distance | 80.0 (±60.0) | |
Treadmill duration | 104.0 (±80.0) | |
Treadmill incline angle | 0.0 (±2.0) | |
ABI | 0.59 (±0.12) | |
EQ-5D-3L Total | 8.0 (±2.0) | |
EQ-5D-3L Mobility | 2.0 (±1.0) | |
EQ-5D-3L Self-care | 1.0 (±1.0) | |
EQ-5D-3L Usual activities | 1.5 (±1.0) | |
EQ-5D-3L Pain/discomfort | 2.0 (±0.0) | |
EQ-5D-3L Anxiety/depression | 2.0 (±1.0) | |
VAS | 55.0 (±14.1) |
WIQ | Time I Mean (SD) | Time II Mean (SD) | Change of Scores Mean (SD) | ICC | 95% Confidence Interval |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Total | 47.37 (21.82) | 50.17 (20.76) | −2.80 (9.52) | 0.90 | 0.82–0.95 |
Distance | 34.09 (28.37) | 33.65 (28.31) | 0.43 (12.45) | 0.91 | 0.83–0.95 |
Speed | 38.57 (25.39) | 42.50 (24.27) | −3.93 (13.94) | 0.84 | 0.72–0.91 |
Stair climbing | 69.44 (22.36) | 74.36 (19.63) | −4.92 (13.48) | 0.80 | 0.64–0.89 |
WIQ | Time I Cronbach’s Alpha(α) | 95% Confidence Interval (I) | Time II Cronbach’s Alpha(α) | 95% Confidence Interval (II) |
---|---|---|---|---|
Total | 0.96 | 0.93–0.97 | 0.95 | 0.92–0.97 |
Distance | 0.95 | 0.92–0.97 | 0.94 | 0.91–0.97 |
Speed | 0.93 | 0.88–0.96 | 0.89 | 0.82–0.94 |
Stair climbing | 0.87 | 0.78–0.93 | 0.81 | 0.70–0.89 |
WIQ Total Score in Quartiles | 6MWT Distance (m)–Mean (SD) | Treadmill Distance (m)–Mean (SD) | Treadmill Duration (s)–Mean (SD) |
---|---|---|---|
0.0–31.2 | 320.0 (85.7) | 59.0 (30.0) | 88.4 (40.5) |
31.2–47.2 | 342.6 (61.0) | 79.0 (39.6) | 120.2 (46.5) |
47.2–64.4 | 387.8 (74.4) | 131.1 (62.5) | 165.9 (77.6) |
64.4–100.0 | 484.2 (196.5) | 168.0 (160.2) | 223.0 (198.9) |
WIQ Total | WIQ Distance | WIQ Speed | WIQ Stair Climbing | |
---|---|---|---|---|
EQ-5D-3L Total | −0.67 *** | −0.64 *** | −0.69 *** | −0.43 ** |
EQ-5D-3L Mobility | −0.48 ** | −0.46 ** | −0.43 ** | −0.29 |
EQ-5D-3L Self-care | −0.39 * | −0.34 * | −0.52 *** | −0.22 |
EQ-5D-3L Usual activities | −0.51 *** | −0.47 ** | −0.56 *** | −0.35 * |
EQ-5D-3L Pain/discomfort | −0.34 * | −0.32 * | −0.30 | −0.20 |
EQ-5D-3L Anxiety/depression | −0.61 *** | −0.59 *** | −0.57 *** | −0.41 ** |
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Baltrūnas, T.; Medelis, K.; Melaikaitė, A.; Račytė, A.; Pikturnaitė, G.; Baltušnikas, R.; Laucevičienė, I.; Ručinskas, K. Validation of the Lithuanian Version of the Walking Impairment Questionnaire in Patients with Peripheral Arterial Disease. Medicina 2024, 60, 147. https://doi.org/10.3390/medicina60010147
Baltrūnas T, Medelis K, Melaikaitė A, Račytė A, Pikturnaitė G, Baltušnikas R, Laucevičienė I, Ručinskas K. Validation of the Lithuanian Version of the Walking Impairment Questionnaire in Patients with Peripheral Arterial Disease. Medicina. 2024; 60(1):147. https://doi.org/10.3390/medicina60010147
Chicago/Turabian StyleBaltrūnas, Tomas, Karolis Medelis, Augustė Melaikaitė, Austėja Račytė, Gabija Pikturnaitė, Rokas Baltušnikas, Ieva Laucevičienė, and Kęstutis Ručinskas. 2024. "Validation of the Lithuanian Version of the Walking Impairment Questionnaire in Patients with Peripheral Arterial Disease" Medicina 60, no. 1: 147. https://doi.org/10.3390/medicina60010147