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Volume 60
Issue 11
10.3390/medicina60111827
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Review

Do We Actually Help Choking Children? The Quality of Evidence on the Effectiveness and Safety of First Aid Rescue Manoeuvres: A Narrative Review

by
Jakub R. Bieliński
1,
Riley Huntley
2,
Cody L. Dunne
3,4,
Dariusz Timler
1,
Klaudiusz Nadolny
5 and
Filip Jaskiewicz
1,*
1
Department of Emergency Medicine and Disaster Medicine, Medical University of Lodz, 90-419 Lodz, Poland
2
School of Nursing, Faculty of Applied Science, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 2B5, Canada
3
Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 1N4, Canada
4
Department of Community Health Sciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 1N4, Canada
5
Department of Emergency Medical Service, Faculty of Medicine, Silesian Academy in Katowice, 40-555 Katowice, Poland
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Medicina 2024, 60(11), 1827; https://doi.org/10.3390/medicina60111827
Submission received: 5 October 2024 / Revised: 31 October 2024 / Accepted: 5 November 2024 / Published: 7 November 2024
(This article belongs to the Section Pediatrics)
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Abstract

The management of foreign body airway obstruction has evolved over time from back blows and chest thrusts to abdominal thrusts. However, current guidelines worldwide are based on outdated data, with unclear evidence regarding the effectiveness and safety of these rescue manoeuvres. Concerns persist about the potential of these techniques to cause injury, especially in children; therefore, a critical revision to ensure optimal child safety is necessary. The literature on first aid for paediatric choking was identified through the searching of various databases. Studies were evaluated for their relevance, quality, and currency. The analysis examined guideline consistency with current evidenced-based medicine and identified research gaps. The analysis of the available data was supplemented by adult-based evidence due to the scarcity of paediatric-specific research. First aid guidelines and recommendations for paediatric choking are divergent and generally grounded in low-quality evidence derived primarily from case studies. Studies since 2015 have shown highly diverse methodologies and often lack details on the execution of individual techniques, body positioning or the specific characteristics of study groups, which are crucial when comparing the effectiveness and safety of rescue manoeuvres. Updating evidence-based scientific knowledge for future recommendations is crucial.
Keywords: first aid; paediatric; children; foreign body airway obstruction; choking; airway; back blows; chest thrusts; abdominal thrusts; Heimlich manoeuvre first aid; paediatric; children; foreign body airway obstruction; choking; airway; back blows; chest thrusts; abdominal thrusts; Heimlich manoeuvre

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MDPI and ACS Style

Bieliński, J.R.; Huntley, R.; Dunne, C.L.; Timler, D.; Nadolny, K.; Jaskiewicz, F. Do We Actually Help Choking Children? The Quality of Evidence on the Effectiveness and Safety of First Aid Rescue Manoeuvres: A Narrative Review. Medicina 2024, 60, 1827. https://doi.org/10.3390/medicina60111827

AMA Style

Bieliński JR, Huntley R, Dunne CL, Timler D, Nadolny K, Jaskiewicz F. Do We Actually Help Choking Children? The Quality of Evidence on the Effectiveness and Safety of First Aid Rescue Manoeuvres: A Narrative Review. Medicina. 2024; 60(11):1827. https://doi.org/10.3390/medicina60111827

Chicago/Turabian Style

Bieliński, Jakub R., Riley Huntley, Cody L. Dunne, Dariusz Timler, Klaudiusz Nadolny, and Filip Jaskiewicz. 2024. "Do We Actually Help Choking Children? The Quality of Evidence on the Effectiveness and Safety of First Aid Rescue Manoeuvres: A Narrative Review" Medicina 60, no. 11: 1827. https://doi.org/10.3390/medicina60111827

APA Style

Bieliński, J. R., Huntley, R., Dunne, C. L., Timler, D., Nadolny, K., & Jaskiewicz, F. (2024). Do We Actually Help Choking Children? The Quality of Evidence on the Effectiveness and Safety of First Aid Rescue Manoeuvres: A Narrative Review. Medicina, 60(11), 1827. https://doi.org/10.3390/medicina60111827

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