The Effect of “Proanthocyanidin” on Ischemia–Reperfusion Injury in Skeletal Muscles of Rats
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Method
2.1. Animals and Experimental Protocol
2.2. Statistical Analysis
3. Results
3.1. Histopathological Results
3.2. Biochemical Results
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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A | ||||||||||||||||||
C Group (n = 6) | IR Group (n = 6) | IR-PRO Group (n = 6) | p ** | |||||||||||||||
Muscle atrophy–hypertrophy | 0.17 ± 0.17 * | 1.33 ± 0.21 | 0.50 ± 0.22 * | 0.003 | ||||||||||||||
Muscle degeneration–congestion | 0.33 ± 0.21 * | 1.83 ± 0.31 | 0.67 ± 0.21 * | 0.002 | ||||||||||||||
Internalization of muscle nuclei oval-central nucleus | 0.17 ± 0.17 * | 1.50 ± 0.22 | 0.83 ± 0.17 *, & | 0.001 | ||||||||||||||
Fragmentation–hyalinization | 0.33 ± 0.21 * | 1.83 ± 0.31 | 0.83 ± 0.31 * | 0.006 | ||||||||||||||
Leukocyte cell infiltration | 0.33 ± 0.21 * | 1.50 ± 0.22 | 0.50 ± 0.22 * | 0.004 | ||||||||||||||
B | ||||||||||||||||||
C Group (n = 6) (I, II, III, IV, V, VI) | IR Group (n = 6) (I, II, III, IV, V, VI) | IR-PRO Group (n = 6) (I, II, III, IV, V, VI) | ||||||||||||||||
I | II | III | IV | V | VI | I | II | III | IV | V | VI | I | II | III | IV | V | VI | |
Muscle atrophy–hypertrophy | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
Muscle degeneration–congestion | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 3 | 1 | 2 | 2 | 1 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 |
Internalization of muscle nuclei Oval-central nucleus | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 2 | 1 | 2 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 |
Fragmentation–hyalinization | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 1 | 2 | 2 | 1 | 3 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 0 | 0 |
Leukocyte cell infiltration | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 1 | 2 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
C Group (n = 6) | IR Group (n = 6) | IR-PRO Group (n = 6) | p ** | |
---|---|---|---|---|
TBARS (nmol/mg pr) | 26.58 ± 5.58 * | 62.27 ± 3.76 | 34.00 ± 4.73 * | <0.0001 |
CAT (IU/mg pr) | 8.73 ± 1.09 * | 5.16 ± 0.51 | 8.21 ± 0.67 * | <0.0001 |
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Özer, A.; Koçak, B.; Sezen, Ş.C.; Arslan, M.; Kavutçu, M. The Effect of “Proanthocyanidin” on Ischemia–Reperfusion Injury in Skeletal Muscles of Rats. Medicina 2024, 60, 804. https://doi.org/10.3390/medicina60050804
Özer A, Koçak B, Sezen ŞC, Arslan M, Kavutçu M. The Effect of “Proanthocyanidin” on Ischemia–Reperfusion Injury in Skeletal Muscles of Rats. Medicina. 2024; 60(5):804. https://doi.org/10.3390/medicina60050804
Chicago/Turabian StyleÖzer, Abdullah, Başak Koçak, Şaban Cem Sezen, Mustafa Arslan, and Mustafa Kavutçu. 2024. "The Effect of “Proanthocyanidin” on Ischemia–Reperfusion Injury in Skeletal Muscles of Rats" Medicina 60, no. 5: 804. https://doi.org/10.3390/medicina60050804