Influence of Rural Non-Smoking Adolescents’ Sense of Coherence and Exposure to Household Smoking on Their Commitment to a Smoke-Free Lifestyle
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Methods
2.1. Study Design and Study Population
2.2. Measures and Definitions
2.2.1. Socio-Demographic Characteristics
2.2.2. Depression Vulnerability
2.2.3. Sense of Coherence
2.2.4. Tobacco and Other Substance Use
2.2.5. Socio-Environmental Influences for Tobacco Use
2.2.6. Future Smoking Intention and Self-Efficacy to Refuse Cigarette Offers
2.3. Data Analysis
3. Results
Baseline characteristics (n) | % Baseline non-smokers remaining smoke-free | p-value |
---|---|---|
Control group (657) | 88.8 | |
Intervention group (656) | 89.7 | |
0.66 | ||
Male (625) | 87.5 | |
Female (688) | 90.8 | |
0.11 | ||
Black African (1,204) | 89.6 | |
Other race (101) | 83.2 | |
0.01 | ||
Mother < 12 years schooling (567) | 88.7 | |
Mother = 12 years schooling (310) | 91.3 | |
Mother > 12 years schooling (439) | 88.4 | |
0.40 | ||
Informal housing (158) | 89.9 | |
Formal housing (1,152) | 89.2 | |
0.78 | ||
Lives with neither parent (353) | 88.7 | |
Lives with one parent (508) | 90.6 | |
Lives with both parents (447) | 87.9 | |
0.40 | ||
No regular sport participation (925) | 90.1 | |
Participates in sport regularly (380) | 87.1 | |
0.12 | ||
Doesn’t regularly attend religious ceremonies (667) | 87.9 | |
Regularly attends religious ceremonies (628) | 90.5 | |
0.14 | ||
No marijuana use in past month (1,295) | 89.4 | |
Marijuana use (16) | 75.0 | |
0.06 | ||
No snuff use (1,212) | 89.5 | |
Snuff use (75) | 84.0 | |
0.14 | ||
No alcohol binge-drinking (1,231) | 90.3 | |
Alcohol binge-drinker (82) | 73.2 | |
<0.01 | ||
Not depression-vulnerable (1,075) | 89.8 | |
Depression-vulnerable (233) | 86.3 | |
0.12 | ||
Most friends do not smoke (1,277) | 89.2 | |
Most friends smoke (24) | 87.5 | |
0.79 | ||
No household member smokes (823) | 91.5 | |
Household members smoke outdoors (320) | 86.9 | |
Household members smoke indoors (120) | 81.3 | 0.01 |
No school rule against smoking (516) | 88.6 | |
Rule, but not enforced (380) | 89.2 | |
Rule sometimes enforced (147) | 90.5 | |
Rule strictly enforced (261) | 89.7 | |
0.92 | ||
Taught about effects of smoking at school (671) | 89.4 | |
Not taught about effects of smoking (465) | 89.9 | |
Not sure (164) | 87.2 | |
0.62 |
Characteristics | OR | 95% CI | p-value |
---|---|---|---|
Control | 1 | ||
Intervention | 1.14 | 0.73–1.78 | 0.56 |
Black African | 1 | ||
Other race group | 0.58 | 0.37–0.90 | 0.02 |
No alcohol binge-drinking | 1 | ||
Alcohol binge-drinking | 0.33 | 0.19–0.58 | <0.01 |
No household member smokes | 1 | ||
Household member smokes outside | 0.68 | 0.41–1.13 | 0.13 |
Household member smokes inside | 0.46 | 0.26–0.82 | 0.01 |
Baseline mean SOC (per unit increase) | 1.28 | 1.05–1.56 | 0.02 |
Mean SOC development (per unit increase) | 1.04 | 1.01–1.07 | 0.01 |
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Acknowledgments
Conflict of Interest
References
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Ayo-Yusuf, O.A.; Rantao, M.M. Influence of Rural Non-Smoking Adolescents’ Sense of Coherence and Exposure to Household Smoking on Their Commitment to a Smoke-Free Lifestyle. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2013, 10, 2427-2440. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph10062427
Ayo-Yusuf OA, Rantao MM. Influence of Rural Non-Smoking Adolescents’ Sense of Coherence and Exposure to Household Smoking on Their Commitment to a Smoke-Free Lifestyle. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2013; 10(6):2427-2440. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph10062427
Chicago/Turabian StyleAyo-Yusuf, Olalekan A., and Masego M. Rantao. 2013. "Influence of Rural Non-Smoking Adolescents’ Sense of Coherence and Exposure to Household Smoking on Their Commitment to a Smoke-Free Lifestyle" International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 10, no. 6: 2427-2440. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph10062427