Modification Effects of Population Expansion, Ageing, and Adaptation on Heat-Related Mortality Risks Under Different Climate Change Scenarios in Guangzhou, China
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Study Settings
2.2. Data Collection and Preparation
2.3. Heat Effects Estimation
2.4. Projection of Future Heat Effects
3. Results
3.1. General Characteristics
3.2. Independent Effects of Temperature Increase on Heat-Related Ylls in the 2030s, 2060s, and 2090s
3.3. Modification of Population Expansion and Adaptation on Heat-Related YLLs in the 2030s, 2060s, and 2090s
3.4. Modification of Population Ageing and Adaptation on Heat-Related YLLs in the 2030s, 2060s, and 2090s
4. Discussion
Limitations and Uncertainties
5. Conclusions
Supplementary Materials
Author Contributions
Funding
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Variables | Mean | Min | 25th | 75th | Max |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Total YLLs per day | 2408.7 | 982.7 | 2035.2 | 2716.5 | 4171.6 |
Gender | |||||
Males | 1455.1 | 522.5 | 1208.8 | 1666.4 | 2652.7 |
Females | 953.5 | 360.2 | 785.2 | 1095.1 | 1982.9 |
Age groups | |||||
<65 years | 1486.6 | 588.8 | 1206.9 | 1712.0 | 2987.0 |
≥65 years | 922.1 | 355.0 | 766.4 | 1066.1 | 1731.8 |
Mean temperature (°C) | 21.9 | 4.8 | 17.3 | 27.2 | 32.2 |
Wind speed (m/s) | 2.3 | 0.3 | 1.5 | 2.7 | 9.5 |
Relative humidity (%) | 77.6 | 30.0 | 71.0 | 85.0 | 100.0 |
Mean temperature (°C) during 1980s | 22.0 | 3.9 | 16.8 | 27.3 | 32.7 |
SO2 (μg/m3) | 22.2 | 2.0 | 13.1 | 27.7 | 106.5 |
NO2 (μg/m3) | 44.9 | 9.8 | 29.5 | 54.5 | 345.8 |
PM10 (μg/m3) | 68.9 | 9.6 | 44.1 | 87.0 | 419.8 |
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Liu, T.; Ren, Z.; Zhang, Y.; Feng, B.; Lin, H.; Xiao, J.; Zeng, W.; Li, X.; Li, Z.; Rutherford, S.; et al. Modification Effects of Population Expansion, Ageing, and Adaptation on Heat-Related Mortality Risks Under Different Climate Change Scenarios in Guangzhou, China. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2019, 16, 376. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph16030376
Liu T, Ren Z, Zhang Y, Feng B, Lin H, Xiao J, Zeng W, Li X, Li Z, Rutherford S, et al. Modification Effects of Population Expansion, Ageing, and Adaptation on Heat-Related Mortality Risks Under Different Climate Change Scenarios in Guangzhou, China. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2019; 16(3):376. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph16030376
Chicago/Turabian StyleLiu, Tao, Zhoupeng Ren, Yonghui Zhang, Baixiang Feng, Hualiang Lin, Jianpeng Xiao, Weilin Zeng, Xing Li, Zhihao Li, Shannon Rutherford, and et al. 2019. "Modification Effects of Population Expansion, Ageing, and Adaptation on Heat-Related Mortality Risks Under Different Climate Change Scenarios in Guangzhou, China" International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 16, no. 3: 376. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph16030376
APA StyleLiu, T., Ren, Z., Zhang, Y., Feng, B., Lin, H., Xiao, J., Zeng, W., Li, X., Li, Z., Rutherford, S., Xu, Y., Lin, S., Nasca, P. C., Du, Y., Wang, J., Huang, C., Jia, P., & Ma, W. (2019). Modification Effects of Population Expansion, Ageing, and Adaptation on Heat-Related Mortality Risks Under Different Climate Change Scenarios in Guangzhou, China. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 16(3), 376. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph16030376