Effect of Listening to Music on Wingate Anaerobic Test Performance. A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Methods
2.1. Literature Searching Strategies
2.2. Inclusion and Exclusion Criteria
2.3. Quality Assessment
2.4. Outcome Variables
2.5. Data Mining
2.6. Statistical Analysis
3. Results
3.1. Main Search
3.2. Quality Assessment of the Experiments
3.3. The Ergogenic Effect of Music on Anaerobic Performance
3.4. Effect on Peak Power Meta-Analysis
3.5. Effect on Mean Power Meta-Analysis
3.6. Effect on Fatigue Index Meta-Analysis
4. Discussion
4.1. Effect of Music on Peak Power and Mean Power Performance
4.2. Effect on Fatigue Index Performance
4.3. Strengths, Limitations and Future Lines of Research
4.4. Practical Applications
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Authors | Random Sequence Generation (Selection Bias) | Allocation Concealment (Selection Bias) | Blinding of Participants and Personnel (Performance Bias) | Blinding of Outcome Assessment (Detection Bias) | Incomplete Outcome Data (Attrition Bias) | Selective Reporting (Reporting Bias) | Other Bias |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Atan., 2013 [37] | | | | | | | |
Brohmer et al., 2006 [39] | | | | | | | |
Cutrufello et al., 2019 [41] | | | | | | | |
Hutchinson et al., 2011 [36] | | | | | | | |
Isik et al., 2019 [27] | | | | | | | |
Koc et al., 2010 [43] | | | | | | | |
Pujol et al., 2006 [28] | | | | | | | |
Stork et al., 2014 [42] | | | | | | | |
Brooks et al., 2010 [38] | | | | | | | |
Article | Items by Number on the PEDro Scale | Total Score | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | ||
Atan., 2013 [37] | Y | Y | N | Y | N | N | N | Y | Y | Y | Y | 6 |
Brohmer et al., 2006 [39] | Y | Y | N | Y | N | N | N | Y | Y | Y | Y | 6 |
Cutrufello et al., 2019 [41] | Y | Y | N | Y | N | N | N | Y | Y | Y | Y | 6 |
Hutchinson et al., 2011 [36] | Y | N | N | Y | N | N | N | Y | Y | Y | Y | 6 |
Isik et al., 2019 [27] | Y | N | N | Y | N | N | N | Y | Y | Y | Y | 5 |
Koc et al., 2010 [43] | Y | Y | N | Y | N | N | N | Y | Y | Y | Y | 6 |
Pujol et al., 2006 [28] | Y | Y | N | Y | N | N | N | Y | Y | Y | Y | 6 |
Stork et al., 2014 [42] | Y | Y | N | Y | N | N | N | Y | Y | Y | Y | 6 |
Brooks et al., 2010 [38] | Y | Y | N | Y | N | N | N | Y | Y | Y | Y | 6 |
Level of participants | Physical education students | 3 studies [27,37,41] |
Physically active | 2 studies [36,42] | |
Moderate to high fitness | 3 studies [28,39,43] | |
Low risk volunteers | 1 study [38] | |
Kind of music | 120 beats/min o more (fast rhythm) | 3 studies [30,31,37] |
80 beats/min approx. (slow music) | 1 study [39] | |
Motivational music | 3 studies [36,38,41] | |
2 types of music on two different days (1 day 120 beats/min or more and another day 80 beats/min approx. | 2 studies [35,40] | |
Resistance applied during the WAnT | 7.5% of body mass in kg | 6 studies [27,28,36,37,42,43] |
Undisclosed | 2 studies [38,39] | |
0.090kp/ kg of body mass | 1 study [41] | |
Use of cleats | Undisclosed | 8 studies [27,36,38,39,41,42,43] |
Using cleats | 1 study [37] | |
Experience or previous practice during the test | Undisclosed | 5 studies [28,36,38,39,43] |
They tried the test days before | 4 studies [27,37,41,42] | |
Biomechanical aspects during the test | Undisclosed | 8 studies [27,28,36,38,39,41,42,43] |
Bicycle dimensions adjusted to the participants and the whole test sitting on the bike | 1 study [37] | |
Warm Up | Undisclosed | 3 studies [28,38,42] |
5–10 min without sprints | 2 studies [39,43] | |
5–10 min with sprints | 3 studies [27,36,37] | |
3 min warm up | 1 study [41] |
Author/s-Year | Population | Intervention | Outcomes Analyzed | Main Conclusions |
---|---|---|---|---|
Atan, 2013 [37] | 28 males 21.26 ± 1.86 years Physical Education students |
| APP AMP FI | ↔ ↔ ↔ |
Brohmer et al., 2006 [39] | 17 (8 males, 9 females) 21.2 ± 0.7 years College students—physically fit |
| APP RPP FI | ↑ ↑ ↔ |
Brooks et al., 2010 [38] | 63 (24 males, 39 females) 23.5 years males, 21.5 years females Low-risk volunteers |
| APP RPP AMP RMP FI | ↑ ↑ ↑ ↑ ↑ |
Cutrufello et al., 2019 [41] | 15 (8 males, 7 females) (20.1 ± 1.79 years) Healthy, college-aged students |
| RPP FI | ↑ ↔ |
Hutchinson et al., 2011 [36] | 25 (13 males and 12 females) 20.8 ± 5.4 years Physically active |
| APP AMP FI | ↑ ↑ ↔ |
Isik et al., 2015 [27] | 16 males 23.19 ± 3.02 years Physical Education students |
| APP RPP AMP RMP FI | ↑ ↑ ↑ ↑ ↑ |
Koc et al., 2009 [43] | 20 (14 males, 6 females) 19.97 ± 11.34 years College students—physically fit |
| RPP RMP FI | ↑ ↑ ↑ |
Pujol et al., 1999 [28] | 15 (12 males, 3 females) 24.0 ± 3.4 years College students—moderate to high fitness |
| APP AMP FI | ↔ ↔ ↔ |
Stork et al., 2014 [42] | 20 healthy and moderately active, 10 males and 10 females (22.5 ± 4.3 years) |
| APP AMP FI | ↑ ↑ - |
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Castañeda-Babarro, A.; Marqués-Jiménez, D.; Calleja-González, J.; Viribay, A.; León-Guereño, P.; Mielgo-Ayuso, J. Effect of Listening to Music on Wingate Anaerobic Test Performance. A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2020, 17, 4564. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17124564
Castañeda-Babarro A, Marqués-Jiménez D, Calleja-González J, Viribay A, León-Guereño P, Mielgo-Ayuso J. Effect of Listening to Music on Wingate Anaerobic Test Performance. A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2020; 17(12):4564. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17124564
Chicago/Turabian StyleCastañeda-Babarro, Arkaitz, Diego Marqués-Jiménez, Julio Calleja-González, Aitor Viribay, Patxi León-Guereño, and Juan Mielgo-Ayuso. 2020. "Effect of Listening to Music on Wingate Anaerobic Test Performance. A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis" International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 17, no. 12: 4564. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17124564