Nitrogen Removal Efficiency for Pharmaceutical Wastewater with a Single-Stage Anaerobic Ammonium Oxidation Process
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Reactor and Operation Conditions
2.2. Seed Sludge and Experimental Setup
2.3. Batch Test
2.4. Chemical Analysis
3. Results and Discussion
3.1. Partial Nitrification Period
3.2. Batch Test
3.3. Single–Stage ANAMMOX Period
4. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Stage | Time (Day) | Purpose | COD (mg/L) | NH4+–N (mg/L) | Influent |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
1–1 | 1–7 | Starting up for nitrification | 782 ± 162 | 143 ± 66 | All aerobic |
1–2 | 8–26 | Increasing influent nitrogen load | 1577 ± 296 | 332 ± 61 | Aerobic and anaerobic effluent (1:1) |
1–3 | 27–32 | Inhibition for AOB | 2447 ± 422 | 510 ± 55 | Aerobic and anaerobic effluent (1:2) |
1–4 | 33–48 | Activity recovery for AOB | 767 ± 242 | 515 ± 189 | Aerobic and anaerobic effluent (2:1) |
2–1 | 49–52 | Starting up for single–stage ANAMMOX | 782 ± 162 | 143 ± 66 | All aerobic |
2–2 | 53–92 | Increasing influent nitrogen load | 522 ± 88 | 287 ± 146 | 4–6 dilution times of the anaerobic effluent |
2–3 | 93–121 | steady operation | 844 ± 62 | 542 ± 106 | 2–3 dilution times of the anaerobic effluent |
Reference | Type of Influent | Influent COD (mg/L) | Influent NH4+–N (mg/L) | TN Removal Load (kg/m3/d) | TN Removal Rate (%) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
[17] | Sludge digestion liquid | 500 | 500 | 0.68 | 84% |
[18] | Sludge digestion liquid | 100 | 500 | 0.4 | 90% |
[19] | Synthetic wastewater | − | 300 | 0.73 | 73% |
[20] | Reject water | 1000 | 1000 | 0.4 | 90% |
[21] | Synthetic wastewater | 30–180 | 600 | 1.69 | 77% |
This study | Pharmaceutical wastewater | 400–1000 | 600 | 1.0 | 75.2% |
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Zuo, L.; Yao, H.; Li, H.; Fan, L.; Jia, F. Nitrogen Removal Efficiency for Pharmaceutical Wastewater with a Single-Stage Anaerobic Ammonium Oxidation Process. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2020, 17, 7972. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17217972
Zuo L, Yao H, Li H, Fan L, Jia F. Nitrogen Removal Efficiency for Pharmaceutical Wastewater with a Single-Stage Anaerobic Ammonium Oxidation Process. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2020; 17(21):7972. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17217972
Chicago/Turabian StyleZuo, Lushen, Hong Yao, Huayu Li, Liru Fan, and Fangxu Jia. 2020. "Nitrogen Removal Efficiency for Pharmaceutical Wastewater with a Single-Stage Anaerobic Ammonium Oxidation Process" International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 17, no. 21: 7972. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17217972